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2014, Number 2

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Cuba y Salud 2014; 9 (2)

Microbiological characterization of isolated bacterial pathogens in endotracheal aspirates of patients with nosocomial pneumonia

Cepero BMC, Medina GYM, Madruga FMC

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 2-9
PDF size: 722.07 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify the aerobiotic bacterial pathogens and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated microorganisms, in samples of endotracheal aspirates of patients with nosocomial pneumonia.
Method: A descriptive study carried out in the grave patients´ care units of "General Calixto García" Universitary Hospital, during the year 2011. 733 endotracheal aspirates of critical patients with nosocomial pneumonia diagnosis were analyzed. Samples selected using Murray and Washington´s scale were performed a qualitative culture; bacterial isolates obtained were identified via conventional methods and the antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Bauer-Kirby´s method.
Results: The main aerobiotic bacterial pathogens identified were: enterobacteria (49,8%) and nonfermentative bacilli (34,8%) being the most frequent Acinetobacter spp. (21,2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10,7%). Enterobacteria showed high resistant percentages to azlocillin (94,7%) and gentamicyn (85,1%); Acinetobacter spp. resistance, for both drugs, was 100% and 76,4%, respectively; all Staphylococcus spp. Isolates were resistant to penicillin, amikacin and gentamicyn.
Conclusions: Predominance of aerobiotic gram-negative bacteria as causal agents of nosocomial pneumonia in the grave patients´ care units is confirmed. The high resistance to antimicrobials of the microorganisms identified corroborates the need of creating strategies for the design and implementation of adequate therapies in these patients.


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