2015, Number 5
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Rev Méd Electrón 2015; 37 (5)
Techniques of alveolar bone grafting in cleft lip and palate. Literature review
Matthews ZF, Gatica J, Cartes-Velásquez R
Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 488-501
PDF size: 103.11 Kb.
ABSTRACT
The lip and palatal cleft is one of the most common congenital malformations of the
buccal-facial region and can significantly impact the quality of life of the affected
people. The comprehensive treatment of these patients is complex and includes the
use of alveolar bone graft to restore the normal dental arches morphology and
function. The aim of this article was describing the features of several alveolar
grafting techniques which are still controversial. The secondary osteoplasty is the
most widely accepted approach and it is the implementation of the alveolar graft
during the mixed dentition, at the ages between 9 and 12 years, before the
eruption of the permanent canine tooth, because the bone availability is more
predictable in this period, while it would provide an adequate periodontal support
for the eruption and preservation of the teeth adjacent to the cleft. The literature
indicates that fresh autologous cancellous bone is the golden rule for this procedure
because it provides the necessary immunocompatible bone cells; but more recent
studies have shown the superiority of cortico-medullar graft, besides the
complementary use of rhBMP-2. Similarly, it is noted that the iliac crest is the most
recommended donor site, although the skull graft may represent the same or even
more effective option and with a lower level of post surgery morbidity. It is
necessary to continue exploring such alternatives and promoting research for new
options, including advances in tissue engineering.
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