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2015, Number 2

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Rev Hematol Mex 2015; 16 (2)

State of the art: Metformin, cancer and leukemia

Ramos-Peñafiel CO, Santoyo-Sánchez A, Olarte-Carrillo I, Queipo-García GE, Garfias-Becerra Y, Martínez-Tovar A

Language: Spanish
References: 59
Page: 168-178
PDF size: 901.50 Kb.


ABSTRACT

It is currently known that in the genesis and effective maintenance of a tumor cell they are involved at least the following mechanisms: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis and activating invasion and metastasis. Recently other modifications have also postulated like deregulating cellular energetics and the expression of multidrug resistance genes. Metformin, a drug used for more than 50 years, is currently the leader in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetic patients due it has mechanisms of action to regulate energy production mechanisms. The widespread worldwide use of this drug allowed that various cohorts pointing to metformin was a protective factor against cancer. This theory has been successfully transferred to in vitro and in vivo experiments and all confirm the antitumoral properties apparently mediated by inhibition of LBK1/AMPK/mTOR and the IGF-1R pathways. For this reason it is possible to find many clinical trials in the last decade about adding metformin to chemotherapy regimens for almost all cancers. Knowledge of the described effects of metformin is still being generated and strengthened as well as other more unexpected, such as the possible synergistic effects with antibiotics in the management of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.


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