Loaiza-Félix J, Huerta-Ramírez S, Elizalde CI

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 233-240
PDF size: 281.78 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Overtime the concept of frailty has undergone a series of changes, the above to define it in a better way as a geriatric syndrome. Fried and his colleagues over the last 25 years have defined fragility syndrome and diseases found correlated with the disease. Aging can be defined as a functional individual deterioration due to decreased with the environment. During the aging process the homeostasis as reserves are lost, the above as a result of a series of alterations in the anabolism of protein, fat and carbohydrates as well as an activation of genes whose reservation results in decreased cell level functioning. Currently the diagnosis of frailty has the Fried scale, which evaluates a series of 5 parameters: strength, weight loss, decreased physical activity, fatigue and decreased physical performance. Although searched a number of markers such as C-reactive protein, interferon, interleukins and leptin have not yet been developed to validate them as prognostic markers of frailty.
Objective: To determine if there is a degree of association between proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy and frailty syndrome.
Material and method: A descriptive, observational, transversal and analytical study, performed in patients with diabetes mellitus 2 that met criteria of fragility; also were evaluated patients without any underlying disease; then, Freid questionnaire was applied and protein in 24 hours urine was collected. Study was done from August 2012 to December 2013 at General Hospital Ticoman.
Results: By the analysis of proteinuria in the control group, in 12 patients no significant proteinuria was found and 23 patients had significant proteinuria; where as in the case group 13 patients had no significant proteinuria and 22 had significant proteinuria, with a p=0.80 for association between proteinuria and frailty with χ² test.
Conclusions: There is not a statistically significant association between the degree of proteinuria and fragility in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

REFERENCES

1. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001;56:146-156.

2. Walston J, McBurnie MA, Newman A, et al. Frailty and activation of the inflammation and coagulation systems with and without clinical comorbidities: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2333-2341.

3. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, et al. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004;59:255-263.

4. Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, et al. Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:262-266.

5. Chang SS, Weiss CO, Xue QL, et al. Patterns of comorbid inflammatory diseases in frail older women: the Women's Health and Aging Studies I and II. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010;65:407-413.

6. Rockwood K, Mogilner A, Mitnitski A. Changes with age in the distribution of a frailty index. Mech Ageing Dev 2004;125:517-519.

7. Hirsch C, Anderson ML, Newman A, et al. The association of race with frailty: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Ann Epidemiol 2006;16:545-553.

8. Espinoza SE, Hazuda HP. Frailty in older Mexican-American and European-American adults: is there an ethnic disparity? J Am Geriatr Soc 2008;56:1744-1749.

9. Gill TM. Transitions between frailty states among community-living older persons. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:418-423.

10. Semba RD, Blaum CS, Bartali B, et al. Denture use, malnutrition, frailty, and mortality among older women living in the community. J Nutr Health Aging 2006;10:161-167.

11. Xue QL, Bandeen-Roche K, Varadhan R, et al. Initial manifestations of frailty criteria and the development of frailty phenotype in the Women's Health and Aging Study II. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2008;63:984-990.

12. Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, et al. Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:262-266.

13. Thorpe RJ Jr, Weiss C, Xue QL, et al Transitions among disability levels or death in African American and white older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009;64:670-674.

14. Chaves PH, Semba RD, Leng SX, et al. Impact of anemia and cardiovascular disease on frailty status of community-dwelling older women: the Women's Health and Aging Studies I and II. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005;60:729-735.

15. Cesari M, Leeuwenburgh C, Lauretani F, et al. Frailty syndrome and skeletal muscle: results from the Invecchiare in Chianti study. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83:1142-1148.

16. Woods NF, LaCroix AZ, Gray SL, et al. Frailty: emergence and consequences in women aged 65 and older in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1321-1330.

17. Bartali B, Frongillo EA, Bandinelli S, et al. Low nutrient intake is an essential component of frailty in older persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:589-593.

18. Michelon E, Blaum C, Semba RD, et al. Vitamin and carotenoid status in older women: associations with the frailty syndrome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:600-607.

19. Semba RD, Bartali B, Zhou J, et al. Low serum micronutrient concentrations predict frailty among older women living in the community. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006;61:594-599.

20. Leng SX, Xue QL, Tian J, et al. Inflammation and frailty in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007;55:864-871.