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2014, Number 2

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Rev Cub Med Int Emerg 2014; 13 (2)

Nosocomial infection in the intensive care units

Pérez EFA, Martínez RI, Rojas BCA, Mato HY, Pérez RE

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 116-125
PDF size: 871.67 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the last years there have come important advances in the attention to the critical patient, nevertheless, the incidence of sepsis has increased in the last 20 years. Objectives: determining the resistance to the antibiotics in isolating clinical coming from patients with diagnosis of nosocomial infection in the Intensive Care Units. Method: It was carried out an observational, descriptive and transverse study in order to know the behavior of the antimicrobial resistance of the main stumps obtained in the microbiological cultivations carried out from August 1st of the 2011 until August 31st of the 2012. The information was obtained of the Registration of the Laboratory of Microbiology of the same Hospital. Results: The rate of nosocomial infection was from 34.1%, the type of infection that prevailed was the pneumonia associated with the mechanical ventilation (43.8%), followed by the bacteremia for other causes (20.4%) and secondary bacteremia to infection of endovenous catheter (19.5%). The isolated microorganisms more frequent were the complex Acinetobacter calcoacético/ baumannii (29.3%), staphylococci aureus (17.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.7%), Klebsiella pneumoneae (13.5%) and Escherichia coli (13.5%). The producing microorganisms of betalactamasas of extended spectrum were Escherichia coli (80.4%), Klebsiella pneumoneae (33.3%) and Klebsiella oxytoca (19.4%). Conclusions: The rate of nosocomial infection in the UCI of adults is elevated, the predominant localization is the nosocomial pneumonia, the bacteria producing of betalactamasas of extended spectrum were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoneae and Klebsiella oxytoca.


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