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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2014, Number 6

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2014; 15 (6)

The two hypothalamic orexin peptides: Their location and action on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

Gómez-Torres N, Aguilera-Reyes U, Galicia-Castillo O

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 345-350
PDF size: 110.64 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Orexins A and B are two neuropeptides synthesized in the lateral hypothalamus, perifornical area and dorsomedial hypothalamus. Bothare derived from the proteolytic cleavage of a protein called pre-pro-orexin; they together exert their biological effects through two G protein-coupled receptors named OX1R and OX2R. The axons of theorexinergic neurons are distributed almost throughout the central nervous system and they can be found in some organs including the reproductive tract of both sexes. The wide distribution of orexins and their receptors includes the entire hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and brain nuclei related to reward processing such as the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens. Although the reproductive process has been extensively investigated, recent evidence suggests that in addition to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal neuroendocrine axis, there are other systems such as orexinergic system that are heavily involved in the regulation of reproductive process and sexual behavior in vertebrates, mainly in mammals.


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