medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-3119 (Electronic)

2014, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cubana Pediatr 2014; 86 (4)

Puberal physiological gynecomastia

Araujo Ho

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 495-501
PDF size: 60.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Gynecomastia may be a normal variant of the pubertal development observed in male teenagers and, although there are no abundant statistical data on its prevalence, a significant number of patients have been seen at the physician's offices. It may occur unilateral or bilateral and usually idiopathic. The plasma luteinizing hormone, testosterone and stradiol concentrations are within the normal limits. Generally, it disappears spontaneously in one or two years, though it may become a serious concern for affected adolescents since it alters in a significant way their quality of life with physical and emotional problems. The treatment should be restricted to relieving anxiety of patients and families, so it is advisable to carry out systematic assessments. It is recommended to use medication or surgical repair in some cases.


REFERENCES

  1. Atabek ME. Gynecomastia in puberty is usually asymptomatic and Regnesses spontaneously. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2013;26(5-6):605.

  2. Calderon W, Cabello R, Israel V, Bassa J, Kamak LL, Olguin F. Ginecomastic y pseudoginecomastic. Tratamiento. Rev Chil Cir. 2009;61(2):131-5.

  3. Braunstein G. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1229-37.

  4. Braunsteim GD. Environmental gynecomastia (editorial). Endocr Pract. 2008;20(4):409-10.

  5. Mans Geffner ME. Gynecomastia in prepubertal and pubertal men. Pediatrics. 2008;20(4):465-70.

  6. Nuttal FQ. Gynecomastia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(10):961-2.

  7. De Sanctis V, Bernasconi S, Bona G. Pubertal Gynecomastia. Minerval Pediatr. 2008;54(4):357-61.

  8. Krysiak R, Okopien B. Ginecomastia. Pol Mercur Lekarski. 2012;32(189):187-93.

  9. Bridgett A, Haynes F. Male gynecomastia. Mayo Clinic Proc. 2009;84(8):672.

  10. Cakan N, Kamat D. Gynecomastia: Evaluation and Treatment Recommendation for Primary Care Providers. Clinical Pediatrics. 2007;46(6):487-90.

  11. Ramakart D, Jacob G, Arun K. Ethionamide and gynecomastia. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2012;3(2):196-9. Revista Cubana de Pediatrķa. 2014;86(4):495-501 http://scielo.sld.cu 500

  12. Hines SL, Tan WW, Yasrebi M, De Peri ER, Perez EA. The Role of Mammography in male patients with breast symptoms. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;82(3):297-300.

  13. Lapid O, Jolink F, Meijer SL. Pathological findings in gynecomastia: analysis of 5113 breasts. Ann Plast Surg. 2013;54:357-61.

  14. Rosner W, Aushur RJ, Azziz R, Sluss PM, Raff H. Utility limitations and Pitfalls in measuring Testosterone: an endocrine society position statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:405-13.

  15. Johnson RE, Murad H. Gynecomastia: Pathophysiology, Evaluation and Management. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84(11):1010-5.

  16. Zhu J, Huang J. Surgical management of gynecomastia under endoscope. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Techniq A. 2008:18(3):433-7.

  17. Handschin AE, Bretry D, Hüsler R, Banic A, Constantinescu M. Surgical management of gynecomastia-a 10 year analysis. World J Surg. 2008;32(1):38-44.

  18. Orlande MA, Venegoni E, Pagani C. Ginecomastia in two young men with histories of prolonged use of anabolic androgenic steroids. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):46-8.

  19. Fadl T, Mohammed E. Leydig cell hyperplasia Revealed by gynecomastia. Rev Urol. 2008;10(2):164-7.

  20. Kumar KV, Kumar A, Bausal R, Kalia R. Bilateral ginecomastia: a rare presentation of thyrotoxicosis. Indian Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(2):357-8.

  21. Ajrnal K, Ritesh A. Isoniazid related gynecomastia. Lung India. 2012;29(2):109-11.

  22. Join YL, Herman MW. Radiation therapy for gynecomastia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(4):398-9.

  23. Marcos RN, Kizy T. Ginecomastia: when is treatment indicated? J Farm Pract. 2012;61(12):719-25.

  24. Lapec O, Van Wingerden JJ, Perlemuter L. Tamoxifen Therapy for the management of pubertal ginecomastia; a systematic review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2013;24:1-5.

  25. Umme Aiman MA, Haseen SZ. Gynecomastia: an ADR due to drug interaction. Indian J Pharmacol. 2009;41(6):286-7.

  26. Parveen K, Sharman RB. Gynecomastia. Indian J Pharmacol. 2012;44(5):654-5.

  27. Gelcas P, Mokbel K. Management of gynecomastia: an update. Int J Clin Pract. 2007;16:1083-4. Revista Cubana de Pediatrķa. 2014;86(4):495-501 http://scielo.sld.cu 501

  28. Santana Daranco RA, Sabino Neto N, Bueno Garcia E, Katsumi Matsuoka P, Perez Rodriguez J. Quality of life in the surgical treatment of gynecomastia. Aesth Plast Surg. 2009;33:514-7.

  29. Nordt CA, Di Vasta AD. Gynecomastia in adolescents. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008;20(4):375-82.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com