Bobadilla-Suárez S, López-Ávila A

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 408-414
PDF size: 159.88 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Obesity, as an effect of the nutritional transition in developing countries, has become one of México’s greatest public health problems. Body image distortion is one of the possible causes of this socially generalized issue. The aim of this study was to obtain three indicators (the representation of the imagined body, the perceived image of the body, and the body mass index —BMI—) to compare them and know the differences between the real image (BMI) and the other two images.
Methods: Inaccuracy of body size estimation was measured through a survey with a ranked scale to determine if the sample (n = 579) had body image distortion, what degree of distortion had, and how body image distortion behaved across age groups from 15 to 69 years old.
Results: The age group from 15 to 19 years old was found to be signifi - cantly different from all other age groups through a Kruskal-Wallis test. Differences between men and women were found through a Mann-Whitney test. A relation was found between types of body image distortion and the degree of distortion with a multinomial logistic regression model.
Conclusion: Cultural factors could help to explain these fi ndings. If the inaccuracy of body size estimation can be associated to obese and overweight Mexicans in the future, these results will be critical for the analysis of such an epidemic.

REFERENCES

1. Raich RM. Trastorno de la imagen corporal: evaluación y tratamiento. En: Lameira M, Faílde JM, editores. Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Santiago de Compostela: Tórtulo Artes Gráfi cas; 1999. p. 47-64.

2. Mora M, Raich RM. Diferentes aproximaciones teóricas a las alteraciones de la imagen corporal. C Med Psicosom. 1992;23:55-64.

3. Ritenbaugh C. Obesity as a culture-bound syndrome. Cult Med Psychiat. 1982;6;347-61.

4. Cruz S, Maganto C. Alteraciones de la imagen corporal y de la conducta alimentaria en adolescentes: un estudio empírico. Psiquis. 2002;23:25-32.

5. López-Ibor Aliño JJ, Valdés-Miyar M, directores. DSM-IV-TR. Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales. Texto revisado. Barcelona: Editorial Masson; 2002.

6. Vázquez R, Ruíz AO, Mancilla JM, Álvarez G. Patrones de consumo alimentario en mujeres y hombres con sintomatología de trastorno alimentario. RESPYN. 2008 Jul-Sept;9(3).

7. Lynch E, Liu K, Wei GS, Spring B, Kiefe C, Greenland P. The relation between body size perception and change in body mass index over 13 years. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169:857-66.

8. Barquera S, Tolentino L, Rivera DJ, editores. Sobrepeso y obesidad: epidemiología, evaluación y tratamiento. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; 2006.

9. Thomas NJT. Are theories of imagery theories of imagination?: An active perception approach to conscious mental content. Cognitive Sci. 1999;23:207-45.

10. Kosslyn SM. Image and mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1980.

11. Institute of European Food Studies, Trinity College, Dublin. A Pan-EU Survey on Consumer Attitudes to Physical Activity, Body-weight and Health. Luxembourg: Offi ce for Offi cial Publications of the European Communities; 1999.

12. Scagluisi FB, Alvarenga M, Polacow VO, Cordás TA, Queiroz GKO, Coelho D, et al. Concurrent and discriminant validity of the Stunkard’s fi gure rating scale adapted into Portuguese. Appetite. 2006:47;77-82.

13. Fingeret MC, Gleaves DH, Pearson CA. On the methodology of body image assessment: the use of fi gural rating scales to evaluate body dissatisfaction and the ideal body standards of women. Body Image. 2004:1;207-21.

14. Gardner RM, Stark K, Jackson NA, Friedman BN. Development and validation of two new scales for assessment of body image. Percept Motor Skills. 1999:86;981-93.

15. Stewart TM, Williamson DA, Smeets MAM, Greenway FL. Body morph assessment: Preliminary report on the development of a computerized measure of body image. Obes Res. 2001:9;43-50.

16. Anderson LA, Eyler AA, Galuska DA, Brown DR, Brownson RC. Relationship of satisfaction with body size and trying to lose weight in a national survey of overweight and obese women aged 40 and older, United States. Prev Med. 2002:35;390-6.

17. Olaiz G, Rivera J, Shamah T, Rojas R, Villalpando S, Hernández M, et al. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006. Cuernavaca: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; 2006.

18. Contreras J, Gracia M. Alimentación y cultura. Perspectivas antropológicas. Barcelona: Ariel; 2005.

19. Madrigal-Fritsch H, de Irala-Estévez J, Martínez- González MA, Kearney J, Gibney M, Martínez-Hernández JA. Percepción de la imagen corporal como aproximación cualitativa al estado de nutrición. Salud Publica Mex. 1999:41;479-86.

20. Osuna-Ramírez I, Hernández-Prado B, Campuzano JC, Salmerón J. Índice de masa corporal y percepción de la imagen corporal en una población adulta mexicana: la precisión del autorreporte. Salud Publica Mex. 2006:48;94-103.

21. McElhone S, Kearney JM, Giachetti I, Zunft HJ, Martínez JA. Body image perception in relation to recent weight changes and strategies for weight loss in a nationally representative sample in the European Union. Public Health Nutr. 2007:2;143-51.

22. Mora M, Raich RM. Prevalencia de las alteraciones de la imagen corporal en poblaciones con trastorno alimentario. Rev Psiquiatría Fac Med Barna. 1993:20;113-35.

23. Acosta MV, Gómez G. Insatisfacción corporal y seguimiento de dieta. Una comparación transcultural entre adolescentes de España y México. Int J Clin Hlth Psyc. 2003:3;9-21.

24. Maganto C, Cruz S. TSA Test de Siluetas para Adolescentes. Madrid: TEA Ediciones; 2008.

25. Stevens C, Tiggemann M. Women’s body fi gures preferences across the life span. J Genet Psychol. 1998:159;94-102.