medigraphic.com
ISSN 2078-7170 (Electronic)

2012, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

CorSalud 2012; 4 (1)

Behavior of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly of

Concepción GV, Ramos GHL

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 30-38
PDF size: 102.60 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction and objectives: Cardiovascular diseases cause approximately a quarter of all deaths worldwide. This mortality increases proportionally with age. The objective of this research was to study the behavior of coronary risk factors in the elderly and contribute to the establishment of a health intervention project. Method: An observational, descriptive and transversal study was performed between January 2007 and January 2008. The universe consisted of 506 patients over 60 years of age, and the sample, obtained in a simple random form, consisted of 162 patients. Data were collected through a survey-type model by reviewing the medical records of individuals and families. Results: 51,2 % of the sample (83 patients) belonged to the group of 60 to 64 years of age, and 53.3 % were female. Hypercholesterolemia was the most prevalent risk factor, 103 cases (63,5 %) and 65 patients (40,1 %) had 4 associated risk factors. Among non-hypertensive patients, blood pressure was found in 56 patients (34,5%), high-normal category, and among those with hypertension, 32 cases (19,7 %) were in grade I, followed by the isolated systolic hypertension in 27 (16,6 %). Conclusions: Female sex and the age group between 60 and 64 years predominated. Hypertension was the most representative family disease antecedent; high cholesterol was the strongest risk factor found, the group of 80 to 84 years proved to be the one with the highest number of associated risk factors. Overweight predominated in females.


REFERENCES

  1. World Health Organization. The World Health report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva: WHO; 2002.

  2. Anónimo. Nuevos factores de riesgo en cardiopatía isquémica. Tribuna Médica [Internet]. 2004 [citado 3 Oct 2005];104:[aprox. 3 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.medilegis.com/BancoConocimiento/T/T M104vol5-COL-Guias1/guias1.htm

  3. Pan American Health Organization. Colombia Health Profile. In: PAHO. ed. Health in the Americas. Vol. II. Washington, D.C.: PAHO; 2003. p. 181-93.

  4. Advisory Board. The Milan declaration: positioning technology to serve global heart health. 5th International Heart Health Conference. Milan, Italy: WHO; 2004. p. 1-32.

  5. Manzur F, Arrieta CO. Estudio sociológico y del conocimiento de los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la Costa Caribe Colombiana (Estudio Caribe). Rev Colomb Cardiol. 2005;12(3):122-8.

  6. Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, Eckel RH, Fair JM, Fortmann SP, et al. AHA guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Circulation. 2002;106:388-91.

  7. Bakhru A, Erlinger TP. Smoking cessation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS Med. 2005;2(6):e160.

  8. Magnus P, Beaglehole R. The real contribution of the major risk factors to the coronary epidemics: time to end the "only-50%" myth. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161(22):2657-60.

  9. De Backer G, Ambrosioni E, Borch-Johnsen K, Brotons C, Cifkova R, Dallongeville J. Guía europea de prevención cardiovascular en la práctica clínica. Tercer grupo de trabajo de las sociedades europeas y otras sociedades sobre prevención cardiovascular en la práctica clínica. Eur Heart J. 2005; 24(17):1061-10.

  10. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Oficina Regional de la OMS para Europa: Conjunto de acciones para la reducción multifactorial de enfermedades no transmisibles. CARMEN CINDI; 2004.

  11. Sambola A, Fuster V, Badimon JJ. Papel de los factores de riesgo en la trombogenicidad sanguínea y los síndromes coronarios agudos. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2003;56:1001-9.

  12. D'Agostino RB, Grundy S, Sullivan LM, Wilson P; CHD Risk Prediction Group. Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation. JAMA. 2004;286(2):180-7.

  13. Vallès M, Gerard M, Brotons J, Campins M, Roselló P, Torguet P, et al. Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de un hospital. Med Clin (Barc). 2007; 108:604-7.

  14. Gutiérrez-Fisac JL, Regidor E, Rodríguez C. Prevalencia de la obesidad en España. Med Clin (Barc). 2004;102:10-3.

  15. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, GreenLA, Izzo L Jr, et al, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute; Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42(6):1206-52.

  16. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S, Larson MG, Kannel WB, D’Agostino RB, et al. Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men: The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 2002;287(8):1003-10.

  17. Russel RM, Saltzman E, Rasmussen H. Comparison of diet claims [Internet]. 2003 [citado 6 Mayo 2004]. Disponible en: http://www.cyberounds.com/cmecontent/art126.html

  18. León M. Bioquímica Bases para la Actividad Física. La Habana: Deportes; 2004.

  19. Pluttzky J. Inflammatory pathways in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88(8A):10K-15K.

  20. Cabadés A, De los Reyes M, Abeytúa M, Fernández C, editors. Infarto agudo de miocardio. Barcelona: Doyma; 1994.

  21. Salazar Weil E. Experiencia en el tratamiento del infarto del miocardio. Rev Med IMSS. 2004;42(1): 61-7.

  22. Abramson JH. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Public Health Rev. 2005;13(3-4):165- 223.

  23. Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2003;105(9):1135.

  24. Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social. Anuario Nacional de Estadística. Tasas. República Bolivariana de Venezuela; 2005.

  25. Paneth N. Assessing the contributions of John Snow to epidemiology: 150 years after removal of the broad street pump handle. Epidemiology. 2004; 15 (5):514-6.

  26. Splansky GL, Corey D, Yang Q, Atwood LD, Cupples LA, Benjamin EJ, et al. The third generation cohort of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study: Design, Recruitment, and Initial Examination. Am J Epidemiol. 2007;165(11):1328-35.

  27. ODonnell CJ, Elosua R. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Perspectivas derivadas del Framingham Heart Study. 2008;61(3);299-307.

  28. Del Rey J. Método epidemiológico y salud de la comunidad. Madrid: McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2004.

  29. Lakatta EG. Cardiovascular aging research: The next horizons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999 May;47(5): 613-25.

  30. Strand BH, Tverdal A. Can cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle explain the educational inequalities in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and from other heart diseases? 26 year follow up of 50,000 Norwegian men and women. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004;58(8):705-9.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com