Valdés YM, Hernández NJ, Chong LL, González MIM, García SMM

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 13-23
PDF size: 175.22 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: every day the number of women starting their pregnancy with excess nutritional disorders increases along with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Objective: to determine the perinatal outcome in pregnant women with prepregnancy overweight and obesity in Santa Cruz del Norte for 2 years.
Methods: a prospective observational analytic study was conducted from July 2009 to June 2011 in a universe of 109 overweight and obese pregnant women at the beginning of their pregnancy. A random sample of 96 pregnant women was chosen to form the study group; 219 normal weight patients were available the control group, who were randomly selected from the medical practices according to multiple criteria. Data were collected by reviewing the clinical and obstetric histories and they were processed using descriptive and inferential statistical measures.
Results: pre-eclampsia- eclampsia was significantly observed in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese patients (17.7 %); 7.3 % patients had gestational diabetes, excessive weight gain in 34.4 %; 12.5 % had placental insufficiency; 16.7 % had oligoamnios; 5.2 % had preterm delivery, and 10.4 % needed instrumental delivery. Respiratory distress and hypoglycemia were significant complications of newborns (11.5 % and 13.5 % respectively), and 14.6 % had postpartum bleeding.
Conclusions: nutritional disorders excess at the beginning of pregnancy predispose to adverse perinatal outcomes for mother health, the fetus and the newborn. These disorders contribute to increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

REFERENCES

1. Savitz DA, Stein CR, Siega-Riz AM, Herring AH. Gestational weight gain and birth outcome in relation to prepregnancy body mass index and ethnicity. Ann Epidemiol. 2011;21:78-85.

2. Hernández Núñez J, Valdés Yong M, Chong León L, González Medina IM, García Soto MM. Resultados perinatales en gestantes con bajo peso pregestacional. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol. 2013;39(2):76-86.

3. Aly H, Hammad T, Nada A, Mohamed M, Bathgate S, El-Mohandes A. Maternal obesity, associated complications and risk of prematurity. J Perinatol. 2010;30:447-51.

4. Sebire NJ, Jolly M, Harris JP, Wadsworth J, Joffe M, Beard RW, et al. Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: a study of 287,213 pregnancies in London. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2011;25:1175-82.

5. Jiménez Acosta SM, Rodríguez Suárez A, Díaz Sánchez ME. Aplicación de las referencias nacionales para la evaluación antropométrica de las embarazadas en la vigilancia nutricional en Cuba. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol. 2012;38(2):182-9.

6. Harvey MC, Harvey L, Ognen E. The effects of booking body mass index on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in an inner city UK tertiary referral centre. Obstet Med. 2008;1:88-91.

7. Suárez González JA, Preciado Guerrero R, Gutiérrez Machado M, Cabrera Delgado MR, Marín Tápanes Y, Cairo González V. Influencia de la obesidad pregestacional en el riesgo de preeclampsia/eclampsia. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol. 2013;39(1):3-11.

8. Diago Caballero D, Vila Vaillant F, Ramos Guilarte E, GarcIa Valdés R. Factores de riesgo en la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol. 2011;37(4):448-56.

9. Mostello D, Jen Chang J, Allen J, Luehr L, Shyken J, Leet T. Recurrent preeclampsia: the effect of weight change between pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(3):667-72.

10. Papastefanou I, Samolis S, Panagopoulos P, Tagia M, Bale C, Kouskoukis A, et al. Correlation between maternal first trimester plasma leptin levels and birth weight among normotensive and preeclamptic women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;23(12):1435-43.

11. Valdés Ramos E, Blanco Rojas I. Frecuencia y factores de riesgo asociados con la aparición de Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol. 2011;37(4):502-12.

12. Aviram A, Hod M, Yogev Y. Maternal obesity: implications for pregnancy outcome and long-term risks-a link to maternal nutrition. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011;115 Suppl 1:S6-10.

13. Begum KS, Sachchithanantham K, De Somsubhra S. Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(1):14-20.

14. Roberts V, Smith J, McLea SA, Heizer AB, Richardson JL, Myatt L. Effect of Increasing Maternal Body Mass Index on Oxidative and Nitrative Stress in the Human Placenta. Placenta. 2009;30(2):169-75.

15. Siega-Riz AM, Laraia B. The implications of maternal overweight and obesity on the course of pregnancy and birth outcomes. Matern Child Health J. 2006;10(Suppl 1):153-6.

16. Aly H, Hammad T, Nada A, Mohamed M, Bathgate S, El-Mohandes A. Maternal obesity, associated complications and risk of prematurity. J Perinatol. 2010;30 (7):447-51.

17. Smith G, Shah I, Pell IP, Crossley JA, Dobbie R. Maternal obesity in early pregnancy and risk of spontaneous and elective preterm deliveries: A retrospective cohort study. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):157-62.

18. Calle M de la, Armijo O, Martín E, Sancha M, Magdaleno F, Omeñaca F, et al. Sobrepeso y obesidad pregestacional como factor de riesgo de cesárea y complicaciones perinatales. Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol. 2009;74(4):233-8.

19. Henriksen T. Nutrition and pregnancy outcome. Nutr Rev. 2006;64(5 pt 2):S19-23.

20. Blomberg M. Maternal obesity, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122(1):50-5.

21. Campbell DM, Bhattacharya S, Liston WA, Bhattacharya S. Effect of Body Mass Index on pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women delivering singleton babies. BMC Public Health. 2007;7:168-73.

22. El-Gilany AH, Hammad S. Body mass index and obstetric outcomes in Saudi Arabia: a prospective cohort study. Ann Saudi Med. 2010;30:376-80.

23. Leddy MA, Power ML, Schulkin J. The impact of maternal obesity on maternal and fetal health. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008;1(4):170-8.