medigraphic.com

2005, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2005; 43 (3)

Buccoepithelial Cytologic Lesions in Workers Exposed to Chemical Products

Domínguez OA, Rojas VEI, Romero GLI, Rodríguez TJC, Pérez AI

Language: Spanish
References: 107
Page: 221-227
PDF size: 109.23 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives: Our aim was to describe the genetic and cytologic lesions induced by occupational exposition to chemicals (barley powder, carbon dioxide, ammonia, organic solvents, and welding vapors) and to correlate frequencies of appearance of buccoepithelial cytologic disorders with age and toxic habits.
Materials and methods: This descriptive, trans-verse observational study was comprised of 77 male workers to obtain information concerning age, on-the-job seniority, time of exposure, direct and indirect exposure, use of breathing protection, and toxic habits. We used exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa to estimate presence of chromo-somal aberrations (micronuclei) and nuclear abnormalities (binucleation, pyknosis, condensed chromatin, and karyolysis). Results were correlated by Pearson’s coefficient.
Results: The investigated workers labored 8 h/day; 80.5% were exposed directly to chemicals, while 19.5% were indirectly exposed during an average of 6.5 h per workday. A total of 85.7% of workers referred not using breathing protection, and 28.6% and 36.4% reported smoking and al-cohol consumption, respectively. In a general manner, we detected a certain prevalence of irreversible cytotoxic lesions and absence of a statistically significant correlation between cytotoxicity and age (r = 0.14), alcohol consumption (r = 0.02) and smoking (r = 0.11).


REFERENCES

  1. Whitrow MJ, Smith BJ, Pilotto LS, Pisaniello D, Nitschke M. Environmental exposure to carcinogens causing lung cancer: epidemiological evidence from the medical literature. Respirology 2003;8(4):513-521.

  2. Matos LE. Riesgo de cáncer en exposiciones ocupacionales. Rev Gerencia Ambiental 1997;(33):36-42.

  3. Liang YX, Su Z, Wu WA, Lu BQ, Fu WZ, Yang L, et al. New trends in the development of occupational exposure limits for airborne chemicals in China. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2003;38(2):112-123.

  4. Indulski JA, Lutz W. The biomarkers detecting early changes in the human organism exposed to occupational carcinogens. Cent Eur J Public Health 1999;7(4):

  5. 221-224.

  6. Bloching M, Hofmann A, Lautenschlager C, Berghaus A, Grummt T. Exfoliative cytology of normal buccal mucosa to predict the relative risk of cancer in the

  7. upper aerodigestive tract using the MN-assay. Oral Oncol 2000;36(6):550-555.

  8. Casartelli G, Bonatti S, De Ferrari M, Scala M, Mereu P, Margarino G, et al. Micronucleus frequencies in exfoliated buccal cells in normal mucosa, precancerous

  9. lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2000;22(6):486-492.

  10. Majer BJ, Laky B, Knasmuller S, Kassie F. Use of the micronucleus assay with exfoliated epithelial cells as a biomarker for monitoring individuals at elevated

  11. risk of genetic damage and in chemoprevention trials. Mutat Res 2001; 489(2-3):147-172.

  12. Karahalil B, Karakaya AE, Burgaz S. The micronucleus assay in exfoliated buccal cells: application to occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

  13. Mutat Res 1999;442(1):29-35.

  14. Tian D, Ma H, Feng Z, Xia Y, Le XC, Ni Z, et al. Analyses of micronuclei in exfoliated epithelial cells from individuals chronically exposed to arsenic via drinking water in inner Mongolia, China. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2001;64(6):473-484.

  15. Pastor S, Creus A, Parron T, Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Siffel C, Piperakis S, et al. Biomonitoring of four European populations occupationally exposed to pesticides: use of micronuclei as biomarkers. Mutagenesis 2003;18(3):249-258.

  16. Georgiou A, Gomatos I, Pararas N, Giotakis J, Ferekidis E. Cell kinetics and apoptosis in laryngeal carcinoma patients. Am. Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2003;112(3):206-213.

  17. Torres BO, Ventura AA, Zamora PA, Gomez MBC, Ramos IML, Morgan VG, et al. Evaluation of cisplatin + 5-FU, carboplatin + 5-FU, and ifosfamide + epirubicine regimens using the micronuclei test and nuclear abnormalities in the buccal mucosa. Mutat Res 2003;539(1-2):177-186.

  18. Wang XM, Yu SF, Yang ZP. Apoptosis of osteoclastlike cells induced by alendronate is related to Fas gene expression. Chin J Dent Res 2000;3(2):26-32.

  19. Yadav JS, Kaushik VK. Genotoxic effect of ammonia exposure on workers in a fertilizer factory. Indian J Exp Biol 1997;35(5):487-492

  20. Vermeulen R, Bos RP, Kromhout H. Mutagenic exposure in the rubber manufacturing industry: an industry wide survey. Mutat Res 2001;490(1):27-34.

  21. Pinto D, Ceballos JM, Garcia G, Guzman P, Del Razo LM, Vera E, et al. Increased cytogenetic damage in outdoor painters. Mutat Res 2000;467(2):105-111.

  22. Gattas GJ, Cardoso LA, Medrado-Faria MA, Saldanha PH. Frequency of oral mucosa micronuclei in gas station operators after introducing methanol. Occup Med 2001;51(2):107-113.

  23. Hammer KD. Metabolite ratio of toluene-exposed rotogravure printing plant workers reflects individual mutagenic risk by sister chromatid exchanges. Mutat

  24. Res 2002;519(1-2):171-177.

  25. Coble JB, Brown LM, Hayes RB, Huang WY, Winn DM, Gridley G, et al. Sugarcane farming, occupational solvent exposures, and the risk of oral cancer in Puerto

  26. Rico. Occup Environ Med 2003;45(8):869-874.

  27. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. IPCS INCHEM. [Base de datos a texto completo en CD ROM] (1998). Washington, DC: United Nations Environment Programme. International Labour Organization/World Health Organization, 1998

  28. [Consulta: 10 de abril de 2004].

  29. Hartwig A. Current aspects in metal genotoxicity. Biometals 1995;(8):3-11.

  30. Vildes M. Micotoxinas en alimentos. Florianópolis, Brasil: Editora Insular; 1998. p. 11- 55.

  31. Mabbett, T. Manejo de las micotoxinas en las aves. Industria Avícola 2004;51(4):22-28.

  32. Richard J. Mycotoxins an overview. Second edition. New York, USA: MO Romer Labs; 2000.

  33. Yoshio U, Kiyoko U, Eei-chi N, Sei-ichi T, Satoshi N, Masao S, et al. Induction of apoptosis by T-2 and other natural toxins in HL- 60 human promylotic leukemia

  34. cells. Natural Toxins 1995;3:129-137.

  35. Díaz G. Micotoxinas y micotoxicosis en salud humana y animal. Primera parte. Veterinaria al Día. 1996;2(1): 28-34.

  36. Joint Research Centre. IUCLID CD-ROM. [Base de Datos a texto completo en CD ROM] (2000) Italy, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection. European Chemical Bureau. 2000. Consulta: 15 de abril de 2004.

  37. Pitarque M, Vaglenov A, Nosko M, Hirvonen A, Norppa H, Creus A, et al. Evaluation of DNA damage by the Comet assay in shoe workers exposed to toluene and

  38. other organic solvents. Mutat Res 1999;441(1):115-127.

  39. Zarani F, Papazafiri P, Kappas A.Induction of micronuclei in human lymphocytes by organic solvents in vitro. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1999;18(1):21-28.

  40. López RP, Jaramillo AB, Salinas TS, Marín CI, Araceli SN, Oraliadia M. Ototoxicidad en trabajadores expuestos a disolventes orgánicos. Rev Med IMSS 2000;

  41. 38(6):447-453.

  42. Marcos R, Carbonel E, Creus A, Galofré P, Gutiérres Sara. Evaluación del riesgo asociado a la exposición terapéutica al I 131. En: De la Peña ET, Burguete IT,

  43. Guadaño AL, editores. Evaluación mutagénica y genotóxica. Madrid, España: Editorial Sociedad Española de Mutagénesis Ambiental; 1998. p. 195-239.

  44. Copas JB, Shi JQ. Reanalysis of epidemiological evidence on lung cancer and passive smoking. Bra Med J 2000;320(7232):417-418.

  45. Johnson KC, Hu J, Mao Y. Lifetime residential and workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer in never-smoking women, Canada

  46. 1994-97. Int J Cancer 2001;93(6):902-906.

  47. Padilla LM, Carrillo CA, Figueroa ZL, Chaín CT, Corbalá FC, Haro GL, et al. Análisis epidemiológico-ocupacional del barotrauma ótico en buzos profesionales. Rev Med IMSS 2002;40(4):359-363.

  48. Saldívar GH, Cruz TL, Serviere ZF, Vázquez NV, Joffre VV. Lumbalgia en trabajadores. Epidemiología. Rev Med IMSS 2003;41(3):203-209.

  49. Moctezuma RR, López CC, Murguía MJ, Hernández SJ, Martínez BM. Validez y consistencia del instrumento FANTASTIC para medir estilo de vida en diabéticos.

  50. Rev Med IMSS 2003;41(3):211-220.

  51. Marín RA, Rodríguez GI, Rudio C, Revert C, Hardisson A. Efectos tóxicos del tabaco. Rev Tox 2004;21(2-3): 64-71.

  52. Domínquez A. Diagnóstico de micronúcleos en células bucales en biomonitorización carcinogenética de toxicómanos. Rev Cub Farm 2002;(2):36:196-198.

  53. Agudo OJ, Ballesteros JS, Fuentes RJ, Tamayo CL, Palacios GF, Sancho RM. Alcohol. En: Cabrera CB, Torrecilla JJ, editores. Manual de drogodependencias.

  54. Madrid, España: Editorial Cauce; 1998. p.169-202.

  55. Hernández PF, Ornelas BL. Ingesta aguda de alcohol, ¿factor de riego para el desarrollo de complicaciones agudas de la diabetes? Rev Med IMSS 2002;40(4):293-

  57. Mendoza RM, Escalante PJ, Martínez ZR, Ramírez AM. Osteoporosis en mexicanas mayores de 40 años. Determinaciones por densitometría periférica. Rev

  58. Med IMSS 2003;41(3):193-202.

  59. Reis SR, Sadigursky M, Andrade MG, Soares LP, Espirito Santo AR, Vilas Boas DS. Genotoxic effect of ethanol on oral mucosa cells. Pesqui Odontol Bras

  60. 2002;16(3):221-225.

  61. Falcón R, Gómez Z, Vicente O, Martínez D, Ordoñes E, Luna M. Modificaciones estructurales y ultraestructurales en la mucosa gastrointestinal por la acción de

  62. radicales libres. Posible efecto protector del etanol. Rev Tox 2001;18(2):72-74.

  63. Montoya MA. La toxicología clínica en México durante el siglo XX. Perspectiva para el nuevo milenio. Rev Med IMSS 2000;38(1):27-29.

  64. Whitrow MJ, Smith BJ, Pilotto LS, Pisaniello D, Nitschke M. Environmental exposure to carcinogens causing lung cancer: epidemiological evidence from the medical literature. Respirology 2003;8(4):513-521.

  65. Matos LE. Riesgo de cáncer en exposiciones ocupacionales. Rev Gerencia Ambiental 1997;(33):36-42.

  66. Liang YX, Su Z, Wu WA, Lu BQ, Fu WZ, Yang L, et al. New trends in the development of occupational exposure limits for airborne chemicals in China. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2003;38(2):112-123.

  67. Indulski JA, Lutz W. The biomarkers detecting early changes in the human organism exposed to occupational carcinogens. Cent Eur J Public Health 1999;7(4): 221-224.

  68. Bloching M, Hofmann A, Lautenschlager C, Berghaus A, Grummt T. Exfoliative cytology of normal buccal mucosa to predict the relative risk of cancer in the upper aerodigestive tract using the MN-assay. Oral Oncol 2000;36(6):550-555.

  69. Casartelli G, Bonatti S, De Ferrari M, Scala M, Mereu P, Margarino G, et al. Micronucleus frequencies in exfoliated buccal cells in normal mucosa, precancerous lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2000;22(6):486-492.

  70. Majer BJ, Laky B, Knasmuller S, Kassie F. Use of the micronucleus assay with exfoliated epithelial cells as a biomarker for monitoring individuals at elevated risk of genetic damage and in chemoprevention trials. Mutat Res 2001; 489(2-3):147-172.

  71. Karahalil B, Karakaya AE, Burgaz S. The micronucleus assay in exfoliated buccal cells: application to occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Mutat Res 1999;442(1):29-35.

  72. Tian D, Ma H, Feng Z, Xia Y, Le XC, Ni Z, et al. Analyses of micronuclei in exfoliated epithelial cells from individuals chronically exposed to arsenic via drinking water in inner Mongolia, China. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2001;64(6):473-484.

  73. Pastor S, Creus A, Parron T, Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Siffel C, Piperakis S, et al. Biomonitoring of four European populations occupationally exposed to pesticides: use of micronuclei as biomarkers. Mutagenesis 2003;18(3):249-258.

  74. Georgiou A, Gomatos I, Pararas N, Giotakis J, Ferekidis E. Cell kinetics and apoptosis in laryngeal carcinoma patients. Am. Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2003;112(3):206-213.

  75. Torres BO, Ventura AA, Zamora PA, Gomez MBC, Ramos IML, Morgan VG, et al. Evaluation of cisplatin + 5-FU, carboplatin + 5-FU, and ifosfamide + epirubicine regimens using the micronuclei test and nuclear abnormalities in the buccal mucosa. Mutat Res 2003;539(1-2):177-186.

  76. Wang XM, Yu SF, Yang ZP. Apoptosis of osteoclastlike cells induced by alendronate is related to Fas gene expression. Chin J Dent Res 2000;3(2):26-32.

  77. Yadav JS, Kaushik VK. Genotoxic effect of ammonia exposure on workers in a fertilizer factory. Indian J Exp Biol 1997;35(5):487-492

  78. Vermeulen R, Bos RP, Kromhout H. Mutagenic exposure in the rubber manufacturing industry: an industry wide survey. Mutat Res 2001;490(1):27-34.

  79. Pinto D, Ceballos JM, Garcia G, Guzman P, Del Razo LM, Vera E, et al. Increased cytogenetic damage in outdoor painters. Mutat Res 2000;467(2):105-111.

  80. Gattas GJ, Cardoso LA, Medrado-Faria MA, Saldanha PH. Frequency of oral mucosa micronuclei in gas station operators after introducing methanol. Occup Med 2001;51(2):107-113.

  81. Hammer KD. Metabolite ratio of toluene-exposed rotogravure printing plant workers reflects individual mutagenic risk by sister chromatid exchanges. Mutat Res 2002;519(1-2):171-177.

  82. Coble JB, Brown LM, Hayes RB, Huang WY, Winn DM, Gridley G, et al. Sugarcane farming, occupational solvent exposures, and the risk of oral cancer in Puerto Rico. Occup Environ Med 2003;45(8):869-874.

  83. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. IPCS INCHEM. [Base de datos a texto completo en CD ROM] (1998). Washington, DC: United Nations Environment Programme. International Labour Organization/World Health Organization, 1998 [Consulta: 10 de abril de 2004].

  84. Hartwig A. Current aspects in metal genotoxicity. Biometals 1995;(8):3-11.

  85. Vildes M. Micotoxinas en alimentos. Florianópolis, Brasil: Editora Insular; 1998. p. 11- 55.

  86. Mabbett, T. Manejo de las micotoxinas en las aves. Industria Avícola 2004;51(4):22-28.

  87. Richard J. Mycotoxins an overview. Second edition. New York, USA: MO Romer Labs; 2000.

  88. Yoshio U, Kiyoko U, Eei-chi N, Sei-ichi T, Satoshi N, Masao S, et al. Induction of apoptosis by T-2 and other natural toxins in HL-60 human promylotic leukemia cells. Natural Toxins 1995;3:129-137.

  89. Díaz G. Micotoxinas y micotoxicosis en salud humana y animal. Primera parte. Veterinaria al Día. 1996;2(1): 28-34.

  90. Joint Research Centre. IUCLID CD-ROM. [Base de Datos a texto completo en CD ROM] (2000) Italy, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection. European Chemical Bureau. 2000. Consulta: 15 de abril de 2004.

  91. Pitarque M, Vaglenov A, Nosko M, Hirvonen A, Norppa H, Creus A, et al. Evaluation of DNA damage by the Comet assay in shoe workers exposed to toluene and other organic solvents. Mutat Res 1999;441(1):115-127.

  92. Zarani F, Papazafiri P, Kappas A.Induction of micronuclei in human lymphocytes by organic solvents in vitro. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1999;18(1):21-28.

  93. López RP, Jaramillo AB, Salinas TS, Marín CI, Araceli SN, Oraliadia M. Ototoxicidad en trabajadores expuestos a disolventes orgánicos. Rev Med IMSS 2000; 38(6):447-453.

  94. Marcos R, Carbonel E, Creus A, Galofré P, Gutiérres Sara. Evaluación del riesgo asociado a la exposición terapéutica al I 131. En: De la Peña ET, Burguete IT, Guadaño AL, editores. Evaluación mutagénica y genotóxica. Madrid, España: Editorial Sociedad Española de Mutagénesis Ambiental; 1998. p. 195-239.

  95. Copas JB, Shi JQ. Reanalysis of epidemiological evidence on lung cancer and passive smoking. Bra Med J 2000;320(7232):417-418.

  96. Johnson KC, Hu J, Mao Y. Lifetime residential and workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer in never-smoking women, Canada 1994-97. Int J Cancer 2001;93(6):902-906.

  97. Padilla LM, Carrillo CA, Figueroa ZL, Chaín CT, Corbalá FC, Haro GL, et al. Análisis epidemiológico-ocupacional del barotrauma ótico en buzos profesionales. Rev Med IMSS 2002;40(4):359-363.

  98. Saldívar GH, Cruz TL, Serviere ZF, Vázquez NV, Joffre VV. Lumbalgia en trabajadores. Epidemiología. Rev Med IMSS 2003;41(3):203-209.

  99. Moctezuma RR, López CC, Murguía MJ, Hernández SJ, Martínez BM. Validez y consistencia del instrumento FANTASTIC para medir estilo de vida en diabéticos. Rev Med IMSS 2003;41(3):211-220.

  100. Marín RA, Rodríguez GI, Rudio C, Revert C, Hardisson A. Efectos tóxicos del tabaco. Rev Tox 2004;21(2-3): 64-71.

  101. Domínquez A. Diagnóstico de micronúcleos en células bucales en biomonitorización carcinogenética de toxicómanos. Rev Cub Farm 2002;(2):36:196-198.

  102. Agudo OJ, Ballesteros JS, Fuentes RJ, Tamayo CL, Palacios GF, Sancho RM. Alcohol. En: Cabrera CB, Torrecilla JJ, editores. Manual de drogodependencias. Madrid, España: Editorial Cauce; 1998. p.169-202.

  103. Hernández PF, Ornelas BL. Ingesta aguda de alcohol, ¿factor de riego para el desarrollo de complicaciones agudas de la diabetes? Rev Med IMSS 2002;40(4):293-299.

  104. Mendoza RM, Escalante PJ, Martínez ZR, Ramírez AM. Osteoporosis en mexicanas mayores de 40 años. Determinaciones por densitometría periférica. Rev Med IMSS 2003;41(3):193-202.

  105. Reis SR, Sadigursky M, Andrade MG, Soares LP, Espirito Santo AR, Vilas Boas DS. Genotoxic effect of ethanol on oral mucosa cells. Pesqui Odontol Bras 2002;16(3):221-225.

  106. Falcón R, Gómez Z, Vicente O, Martínez D, Ordoñes E, Luna M. Modificaciones estructurales y ultraestructurales en la mucosa gastrointestinal por la acción de radicales libres. Posible efecto protector del etanol. Rev Tox 2001;18(2):72-74.

  107. Montoya MA. La toxicología clínica en México durante el siglo XX. Perspectiva para el nuevo milenio. Rev Med IMSS 2000;38(1):27-29.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com