medigraphic.com

2013, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cuba Endoc 2013; 24 (3)

Frequency and clinical characteristics of thyroid-associated orbitopathy in recently diagnosed hyperthyroid patients

Marelis Yanes Quesada, Lisette Leal Curi, Ileydis Iglesias Marichal, Lisbet Rodríguez Fernández, Juana Elvira Maciques Rodríguez

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 258-269
PDF size: 75.87 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: thyroid-associated orbitopathy is a frequent complication of hyperthyroidism.
Objective: to describe the frequency and the characteristics of orbitopathy related to autoimmune disease of thyroids in patients who were recently diagnosed as hyperthyroidism cases.
Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study. Every case was detected thyroid hormones and antiperoxidase antibodies at time of diagnosis. They were examined to evaluate the possible presence of orbitopathy whose ocular symptoms and signs were identified in those who had it. The comparison of results was made through summary statistics by using chi-square test. The statistical significance was p ‹ 0.05.
Results: seventy percent of patients had thyroid orbitopathy at the time of diagnosis. Females and Caucasians prevailed in the study group. The slight inactive form prevailed whereas the severe form was absent. The most common sign was palpebral retraction accounting for 90.32 %. There was no statistical association with age, smoking, race, thyroid hormone or antibody presence.
Conclusions: orbitopathy is common at time of diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, palpebral retraction is the commonest sign and it was not associated to the studied clinical and biochemical factors.


REFERENCES

  1. Farreras Valenti P, Rozman C. Medicina Interna. Enfermedades del Tiroides. Madrid: Ed. Harcourt. 16º edición; 2008. p. 157-79.

  2. Navarro Despaigne D. Epidemiología de las enfermedades del tiroides en Cuba. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2004;15:12-4.

  3. Piantanida E, Tanda ML, Lai A, Sassi L, Bartalena L. Prevalence and natural history of Graves' orbitopathy in the XXI century. J Endocrinol Invest. 2013;16:1-3.

  4. Bartalena L, Wiersinga WM, Pinchera A. Graves' ophthalmopathy: state of the art and perspectives. J Endocrinol Invest. 2004;27:295-301.

  5. Girgis C, Champion B, Wall J. Current concepts in Graves disease. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2011;2:135-44.

  6. Ponce de León Suárez EF, Rodríguez Cabrera L, Tovilla Canales JL, Soto Abreu NV, Quiroz González MA. Características clínicas y tomográficas en pacientes con orbitopatía tiroidea. Rev Mex Oftalmol. 2008;82:281-3.

  7. Cappelli C, Pirola I, De Martino E. The role of imaging in Graves' disease: a costeffectiveness analysis. Eur J Radiol. 2008;65:99-103.

  8. Bahn R, Burch H, Cooper D, Garber J, Greenle C, Klein I, et al. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist. Endocr Pract. 2011;7:1-46.

  9. Alves M, Neves C, Carvalho D, Medina JL. Thyroid associated orbitopathy. Acta Med Port. 2011;24(6):1041-50.

  10. Ponto KA, Kahaly GJ. Autoimmune thyrotoxicosis: diagnostic challenges. Am J Med. 2012;125(9):S1.

  11. Hamédani M, Obéric A. Thyroid associated orbitopathy: from diagnosis to treatment. Rev Med Suisse. 2013;9(368):66-71.

  12. Hiromatsu Y, Kaku H, Miyake I, Murayama S, Soejima E. Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Thyroid. 2002;12:217-21.

  13. Bednarczuk T, Hiromatsu Y, Inoue Y, Yamamoto K, Wall JR, Nauman J, et al. T-cell-mediated immunity in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Thyroid. 2002;12:209-15.

  14. Smith TJ. Orbital fibroblasts exhibit a novel pattern of responses to proinflammatory cytokines: potential basis for the pathogenesis of thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy. Thyroid. 2002;12:197-203.

  15. Jang SY, Shin DY, Lee EJ, Choi YJ, Lee SY, Yoon JS. Correlation between THS receptor antibody assay and clinical manifestations of Graves'orbitopathy. Yonsei Med J. 2013 Jul 1;54(4):1033-9.

  16. Bahn RS. Graves' ophthalmopathy. N Eng J Med. 2010;362:726-38.

  17. Infante Amorós A, Turcios Tristá SE. Hipertiroidismo. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2012;23(3):1-7.

  18. Wiersinga WM, Bartalena L. Epidemiology and prevention of Graves'ofthalmopathy. Thyroid. 2002;12:855-60.

  19. Maciques Rodríguez JE, Cáceres Toledo M. Orbitopatía tiroidea. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2012;23(3):2-5.

  20. Wiersinga WM. Management of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2007;3:396-404.

  21. Kendall-Taylor P. Natural history. In: Wiersinga WM, Kahaly GJ, eds. Graves' orbitopathy. A multidisciplinary approach. Basel: Karger; 2010. p. 96-9.

  22. Perros P, Neoh C, Dickinson J. Thyroid eye disease. BMJ. 2009;338:560-91.

  23. Weetman A. Graves' disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;(3):1236-48.

  24. Khoo TK, Bahn RS. Pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy: the role of autoantibodies. Thyroid. 2007;17:1013-7.

  25. Bartalena L. The Dilemma of How to Manage Graves' Hyperthyroidism in Patients with Associated Orbitopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:592-9.

  26. Cáceres Toledo M, Márquez Fernández M, Caballero Regueira J, Caballero Pinelo L. Oftalmopatía tiroidea. Variantes terapéuticas. Rev Cubana Oftalmol. 2004;17:11-9.

  27. Cieza Diaz D, Centeno Clemente C, Pinto Valdivia M. Características clínicas, perfil hormonal y marcadores de autoinmunidad en pacientes con enfermedad de Graves. Rev Med Hered. 2008;19:45-9.

  28. Zegada JA. Uso de Triamcinolona en Orbitopatía Tiroidea. Gac Med Bol. 2009;32(2):2-5.

  29. Sánchez Povis JE, Sandoval Okuma JC, Contreras Carreño SE, Cabello Morales E. Tratamiento de la Enfermedad de Graves Basedow con metimazol o yodo radioactivo: experiencia en el Servicio de Endocrinología del HNAL. Rev Med Herediana. 2006;17(1):2-7.

  30. Cawood T, Moriarty P, O'Shea D. Recent developments in thyroid eye disease. BMJ. 2004;329:385-92.

  31. Gorman CA. The measurement of change in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Thyroid. 1998;8:539-43.

  32. Marrero Rodríguez MT, Rodríguez González JC, Alaves Martín E. Evolución oftalmológica en pacientes hipertiroideos tratados con yodo radiactivo. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2005;16(2):1-3.

  33. Barttley GB, Fatuorechi V. Kardrmas EF, Jacobsen SJ, Ilsrtup DM, Garrity GA, et al. The treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmo. 1996;12:200-8.

  34. Bartalena L, Pinchera A, Marcocci C. Management of Graves' ophthalmopathy: reality and perspectives. Endocr Rev. 2000;21:168-99.

  35. Wiersinga WM. Smoking And Thyroid. Clinical Endocrinology. 2013;79(Issue 2):145-51.

  36. Wiersinga WM. Graves' orbitopathy: management of difficult cases. 2012;16(Suppl 2):150-2.

  37. Czarnywojtek A, Zgorzalewicz-Stachowiak M, Stangierski A, Florek E, Zdanowska J, Katarzyna H, et al. Thyroid associated orbitopathy—medication, radioiodine or operation? Clinical Endocrinology. 2012;69(10):1140-3.

  38. Vestergaard P. Smoking and thyroid disorders: a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002;146:153-61.

  39. Pfeilschifter J, Ziegler R. Smoking and endocrine ophthalmopathy: impact of smoking severity and current vs. lifetime cigarette consumption. Clin Endocrinol. 1996;45:477-81.

  40. Shine B, Fells P, Edwards OM. Association between Graves' ophthalmopathy and smoking. Lancet. 1990;335:1261-3.

  41. Traisk F, Tallstedt L, Abraham-Nordling M, Andersson T, Berg G. Thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy after treatment for Graves' hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs or iodine-131. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94:3700-7.

  42. Utiger RD. Effects of smoking on thyroid function. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;138:368-9.

  43. Carle A, Bulow Pedersen I, Knudsen N, Perrild H, Ovesen L, Rasmussen LB, et al. Smoking cessation is followed by a sharp but transient rise in the incidence of overt autoimmune hypothyroidism -a population-based, case-control study. Clinical Endocrinology. 2012;77:764-72.

  44. Ryder MI, Saghizadeh M, Ding Y. Effects of tobacco smoke on the secretion of interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and transforming growth factorbeta from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2002;17:331-6.

  45. Arnson Y, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H. Effects of tobacco smoke on immunity, inflammation and autoimmunity. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2010;34:258-65.

  46. Cawood TJ, Moriarty P, O'Farrelly C. Smoking and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a novel explanation of the biological link. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:59-64

  47. Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM, Mourits MP, Koornneef L, Berghout A, Van der Gaag R, et al. Effect of abnormal thyroid function on the severity of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:1088-101.

  48. Ponto KA, Merkesdal S, Hommel G, Pitz S, Pfeiffer N, Kahaly GJ. Public health relevance of Graves' orbitopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Jan;98(1):145-52.

  49. Burch HB, Wartofsky L. Graves' ophthalmopaty: current concepts regarding pathogenesis and management. Endocr Rev. 1993;14:747-93.

  50. Aguirre Sánchez-Covisa MA. Tratamiento de la oftalmopatía tiroidea. Endocrinol Nutr. 2006;53:550-8.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com