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2013, Number 3

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Rev Mex Enf Cardiol 2013; 21 (3)

Cardiovascular and perinatal characteristics of pregnant women with congenital or acquired heart disease and characteristics of the newborn

Cadena-Estrada JC, Tapia CML

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 94-102
PDF size: 223.01 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth are themselves significant risks for women with heart disease, even more if it is of congenital origin. In cardiology specialist institutions, where care is given during labor and immediate postpartum, knowledge of its features allows to focus the attention of nursing to cardiovascular secondary prevention of women and to the high-risk product. Objective: To compare the cardiovascular and perinatal characteristics of pregnant women with congenital or acquired heart disease and those of the newborn. Material and methods: Comparative, retrospective, cross-sectional study (2006-2011). This convenience sample (n = 76) included medical records of women hospitalized in a tertiary institution, who had gone through pregnancy disease. Data collected with an ex profeso instrument, analyzed with frequencies, percentages, averages, Pearson test, Spearman, χ2, Student´s t, p ‹ 0.05 as significant. Results: 53.3% women with acquired heart disease, mean age 26.6 ± 6.2 years; weeks of gestation 36.1 ± 2.2, 90.8% had prenatal care, being similar in both groups (χ2 = 0.948, df = 1, p = 0.442). 34.7% discontinued their pregnancy because of worsening cardiovascular, 76.3% had a functional class I, 63.3% of infants were girls; 5.3% with birth defect. At a younger age of first sexual intercourse, earlier pregnancy (r = 0.833, p = 0.000) was observed, but the academic degree is not related in this regard (rs = 0.052, p = 0.658). Conclusions: The characteristics of women with congenital heart disease and acquired heart disease who become pregnant are similar, however, they require the pre-conception advice for planning and prenatal monitoring by specialist nurses and the multidisciplinary team for its success.


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