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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2013, Number 4

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Rev Invest Clin 2013; 65 (4)

Inhibitory proteins of the neuritic regeneration in the extracellular matrix: structure, molecular interactions and their functions. Mechanisms of extracellular balance

Vargas J, Uribe-Escamilla R, Alfaro-Rodríguez A

Language: Spanish
References: 103
Page: 336-348
PDF size: 330.50 Kb.


ABSTRACT

After a central nervous system (CNS) injury of the higher vertebrates, the neurons do not grow or properly reconnected with their targets because their axons or dendrites cannot regenerate in the site of the injury. In the CNS, the environment signal which regulates neuritic regeneration not is generated exclusively by a molecular group. This signal is generated by the interaction of several molecular types such as proteins of the extracellular matrix, soluble factors and molecules of the membrane; all these elements interacting each with others, generate the biological conditions of the matrix: the extracellular balance. The extracellular matrix proteins on balance, give support and physiological state of the cell, including the neuritic regeneration. The function of three types of inhibitory proteins at the extracellular matrix which are determinants of neuritic regeneration failure of CNS is considered in this work: the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, the proteoglycans with keratan sulfate and the tenascin; is also reviewed some of the mechanisms that produce the extracellular proteins balance: the isomerization, epimerization, sulfation and glycosylation, as well as the assembly of the extracellular matrix, the interactions between the matrix with soluble factors and the proteolytic degradation. At the last part, are presented examples of the role of the matrix in the development and spread of some tumors.


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