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2013, Number 3

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Rev Mex Anest 2013; 36 (3)

Malignant hyperthermia. Current concepts

Carrillo-Esper R, Lázaro-Santiago G, Nava-López JA

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 185-192
PDF size: 232.71 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic musculoskeletal disorder. Patients with malignant hyperthermia experience exaggerated metabolic response when exposed to certain triggers such as volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. The incidence of malignant hyperthermia ranges from 1:5,000 to 1:50,000-100,000 anesthetics procedures. The classic clinical presentation of malignant hyperthermia include hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased carbon dioxide production, increased oxygen consumption, acidosis, muscle rigidity and rhabdomyolysis. The pathophysiologic changes of malignant hyperthermia are due to uncontrolled elevation of mioplasmic calcium. In most cases, the syndrome is caused by a defect of the ryanodine receptor. Dantrolene sodium is a specific antagonist of the pathophysiologic changes. The Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States recommends the caffeine/halothane testing as the most definitive test for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. The aim of this paper is to review current concepts related to this entity.


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