2013, Number 1
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Rev Cubana Plant Med 2013; 18 (1)
Preliminary report of the ixodicidal effect of some plant extracts on ticks Boophilus microplus
Castelblanco SL, Sanabria ROJ, Cruz CA, Rodríguez MCE
Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 118-130
PDF size: 150.46 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: the current concern over the resistance of cattle to antiparasitic drugs and over their residues in the ecosystem have led to the search of tick biological control alternatives in which the use of plants with bioinsecticidal effects are included.
Objective: to evaluate in vitro the acaricidal effect of ethanolic extracts of leaves from Ambrosia cumanensis Kunth,
Brugmasia arborea (L.) Larget,
Bidens pilosa L.,
Sambucus nigra L. and
Nicotiana tabacum L., obtained through
Soxhlet, on adult ticks
Boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae).
Methods: plant extracts were obtained by means of the hot extraction method (
Soxhlet). Adult ticks were used for testing, which were exposed to each of the extracts in the adult immersion test. Mortality rate was estimated at 15 min and 24 h post-exposure, taking 60 % mortality as the minimum effective rate. At first, the pure extract was used; then if effective, it proceeded to make dilutions until the minimal effective concentration was found.
Results: the
Nicotiana tabacum extract proved to be an efficient acaricide up to a 2,5:10 dilution, with a 85 % mortality rate in both measurements; Ambrosia cumanensis showed efficacy up to 6,25:10 dilution at 24 h with a 80 % mortality rate;
Brugmasia arborea was effective up to 5,0:10 dilution, with 60 and 70 % mortality rates respectively in each measurement;
Bidens pilosa and
Sambucus nigra did not show efficient acaricidal effect in this study.
Conclusions: the
Nicotiana tabacum extract proved to be the most efficient acaricide even at very high dilutions such as 2.5:10.
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