Parlá SJ

Language: Spanish
References: 12
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ABSTRACT

Goiter is any increase of volume of the thyroid gland. The pathogenesis is mainly due to a reduction of the circulating levels of thyroid hormones, with the resulting rise of thyrotropin hormone levels that cause hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the follicular cells and give rise to the increased volume of the gland. It is classified as simple, nodular and pubertal goiter. According to the WHO, the degree-based classification goes from 0 to III, and according to etiology, it may be endemic and sporadic. The diagnosis of goiter is based on the questioning of the patient, the physical exam and supplementary studies as TSH levels and ultrasonography. The treatment depends on the etiology, the age of the patient, and the time of onset and has five pillars: preventive, preservative or expectant, pharmacological, surgical and the use of radioiodine. The clinical follow-up supports on echography and thyroid function studies every six months during the first year, and if no change is observed, then the tests are repeated every year.

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