Coronado HM, Vega LS, Gutiérrez TR, García FB, Díaz GG

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 72-79
PDF size: 109.30 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Omega-3 fatty acids: α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and omega-6 fatty acids: linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, are part of the triacylglycerols that are consumed in the diet. However, if EPA and DHA are not ingested, they can be synthesized throughout well known biochemical reactions. Omega-3 and omega-6 acids are part of cellular membranes, and therefore they regulate their permeability. DHA contributes to the synaptic function, its low content in neuronal membranes induces a reduction in nervous impulses transmission. Using animal models it has been established that the lack of omega-3 acids is associated to several inflammation processes and to precarious neuronal development in human patients with depression. Beneficial effects of omega-3 have also been recognized in relation to cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and ischemia. Since these lipid components have lately become very important, this work is a review about structural and biochemical aspects of omega acids regulation, and their significance in health.

REFERENCES

1. Calvani M, Benatti P (2003) Polyinsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Sigma-Tou S.P.A. 43pp.

2. Hornstra G (2000) Omega-3 long chain and health benefits. Maastricht University Traducción del original: Anselmino Catherine Centre d´Etude et d´information sur les vitamines Roche Vitamines France Nevilly-Sur-Seine 56pp

3. Simopoulos AP (2002) The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomed Pharmacother 56:365-379.

4. Beaudoin F, Michaelson L, Hey S, Lewis M, Shewry P, Sayanova O (2000) Heterologus reconstituition in yeast of the polyinsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:6421-6426.

5. Drexler H, Spiekermann P, Meyer A, Domergue F, Thorsten Z, Sperling P, Abbadi A, Heinz E (2003) Metabolic engineering of fatty acids for breeding of new oilseed crops: strategies, and problems and first results. J Plant Physiol 160:779 -802.

6. López A, García Moroto F (2000) Plants as 'chemical factories' for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biotechnol Adv 18:481-497.

7. Denyer GS (2002) The renaissance of fat roles in membrane structure signal transduction and gene expression. Med J Australia 176:S109.

8. Uauy R, Mena P (2001) Lipids and neurodeveploment. Nutr Rev. 59:534-546.

9. Raclot T (2003) Selective mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue triacylglicerols. Prog Lipid Res 42:257-288.

10. Gylling H, Miettinen T (2001) A review of clinical trials in dietary interventions to decrease the incidence of coronary artery disease. Curr Contr Trials C 2:123-128.

11. Hu F, Cho E, Rexrode K, Albert Ch, Manson J (2003) Fish and long chain w-3 fatty acid intake and risk of coronary heart disease and total mortality in diabetic woman. Circulation 107:1852-1857.

12. Hardman WE (2002) Omega-3 fatty acids to augment cancer therapy. Symposium International Conference on food, nutrition & cancer July 11-12 Washington.

13. Mantzioris E, Cleland LG, Gibson R, Neumann M, Demasi M, James M (2000) Biochemical effects of a diet containing foods enriched with n-3 fatty acids. Amm J Clin Nutr 72:42-48.

14. Stoll AL, Locke CA, Marangell LB, Severus WE (1999) Omega-3 fatty acids and bipolar disorder: a review. Prostag Leukotr Ess 60:329-337.

15. De Busk R, Hart JA, Kracoff G, Ottariano S (2004) (Review). Maryland Medical Center Programs.

16. Sindelar C, Scheerger S, Plugge Sh, Eskridge K, Wander R, Lewis N (2004) Serum lipids of physically active adults consuming omega-3 fatty acid enriched eggs or conventional eggs. Nut Res 24:731-739.

17. Logan AC (2003) Neurobehavioral aspects of omega-3 fatty acids: possible mechanisms and therapeutic value in major depression. Altern Med Rev 8:410-425.

18. Contreras MA, Rapaport SI (2002) Recent studies on interactions between n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain and other tissues. Curr Opin Lipidol 13: 267-272.

19. Brenner RR (2003) Hormonal modulation of delta 6 and delta 5 desaturases: Case of diabetes. Prostag Leukotr Ess 68:151-162.

20. Goodfellow J, Bellamy MF, Ramsey MW, Jones CJH, Lewis MJ (2000) Dietary supplementation with marine omega-3 fatty acids improve in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 35:265-270.