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ISSN 0185-3252 (Print)
Revista de la Asociación Médica del Centro Médico ABC

2012, Number 3

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An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2012; 57 (3)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants, a review of literature

Duck HE, Cullen BPJ, Salgado RE, Guzmán CB

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 223-231
PDF size: 72.32 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is defined as the oxygen dependency beyond the 28 days after birth. The incidence is between 20 and 60% and the main risk factors are prematurity, low birth weight, persistent ductus arteriosus, and any inflammatory process. The pathologic damage seen in the pre surfactant era, called «classic dysplasia» has inflammation, smooth muscle inflammation and fibrosis; the damage observed with the new therapies is called «new dysplasia» and is characterized by less fibrosis but more metaplasia and reduced vascular development. The clinical severity of patients with dysplasia is based on respiratory work, oxygen requirements and growth rate. The objective of the treatment is to reduce the symptoms in three stages: prevention, treatment of evolving dysplasia, and treatment of established dysplasia. Some patients are discharged home with oxygen and other medications but no all require home monitors. During the first 2 years, patients with dysplasia tend to hospitalization for respiratory tract infections and they usually have problems with growth and development.


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