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2003, Number 1

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Rev Med Hosp Gen Mex 2003; 66 (1)

Antibiotics and heavy-metals resistance in Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains

Paniagua CGL, Monroy PE, Vaca PS, González ASE

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 13-21
PDF size: 125.02 Kb.


ABSTRACT

In recent years indiscriminate use of antibiotics and environmental pollution by heavy metals had lead to the selection of Staphylococcus aureus resistant strains to these chemical compounds. We report here the antibiotic and heavy metal susceptibility of 150 Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains isolated from patients of Tlalnepantla, Mexico State. Susceptibility to 12 antibiotics was determined by Kirby-Bauer method. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of lead, chromate, mercury, cadmium and arsenate were determined by plate dilution. Percents of antibiotic-resistant strains were: ampicillin and penicillin 94%, ceftazidime 92%, erythromycin 73%, pefloxacine 57%, cefotaxime and tetracycline 40%, dicloxacillin 36%, trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole 32%, gentamicin 24%, cefuroxime 10%, and cephalothin 7%. MIC of lead showed a bimodal distribution, with 2.6% of the strains being moderately susceptible (MIC = 200 µg/mL) and 97.4% resistant (MIC = 800-3200 µg/mL). All strains were susceptible to chromate (MIC = 375 µg/mL) and resistant to mercury (MIC › 20 µg/mL) and cadmium (MIC › 50 µg/mL). Twenty six percent of the strains was sensitive to arsenate (MIC = 200-400 µg/mL), and 74% was resistant (MIC=800-1600 µg/mL). These results show the high frequency of antibiotic and heavy metal-resistant S. aureus clinical strains and reflects that environmental heavy metal pollution or bad use of antibiotics act as a selection factor for both resistant phenotypes.


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