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Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz

2012, Number 1

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Salud Mental 2012; 35 (1)

Prácticas parentales y sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes

Andrade PP, Betancourt OD, Vallejo CA, Celis OBS, Rojas RRM

Language: Spanish
References: 92
Page: 29-36
PDF size: 119.22 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyze the predictive power that parental practices have in adolescents’ depressive symptomatology considering children’s and parents’ gender. A non-probabilistic sample was used, consisting of 1934 adolescents, from three different cities from the Mexican Republic (26.5% from Mexico City, 26.7% from Poza Rica, Veracruz, and 46.8% from Culiacán, Sinaloa). 51.4% were males and 48.6% were females, with an age range from 11 to 17 years old, and a mean of 13.3 years old. Nine dimensions of parental practices were evaluated, five for the mother: Communication, Autonomy, Imposition, Psychological control, and Behavioral control; and four dimensions for the father: Communication/Behavioral control, Autonomy, Imposition, and Psychological control. To evaluate the depressive symptomatology, a revised and adapted for Mexican population version of the Scale of Depression of the Epidemiologic Studies Center (CES-D-R) was used. The results showed that women obtained higher scores in depressive symptomatology than men. Depressive symptomatology was associated in a positive way to psychological control and imposition, in both parents, and in a negative way with communication, autonomy and behavioral control, both maternal and paternal. Linear regression analyses were done to determine the effect of parental practices in the depressive symptomatology, which were conducted by gender and by city. In general, the results showed that women had a higher percentage of explained variance (from 26% to 31%) than men (from 6% to 25%) and the dimension that explained the higher variance in most of the groups was maternal psychological control, except on men from Mexico City and Culiacán.


REFERENCES

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  2. Lindzay B, Fabiano P, Stark C. The prevalence and correlates of depression among college students. Coll Stud J 2009; 43:999-1014.

  3. Medina-Mora ME, Borges G, Lara A, Benjet C et al. Prevalencia de trastornos mentales y uso de servicios: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología Psiquiátrica en México. Salud Mental 2003; 26:1-16.

  4. Benjet C, Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Méndez E et al. Diferencias de sexo en la prevalencia y severidad de trastornos psiquiátricos en adolescentes de la Ciudad de México. Salud Mental 2009;31:155-163.

  5. Baumrind D. Effects of authoritative parental control on child behavior. Child Dev 1966;37:887-907.

  6. Baumrind D. Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental Psychology Monographs 1971;4:1-102.

  7. Baumrind D. The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. J Early Adolesc 1991;11:56-95.

  8. Maccoby EE, Martin JA. Socialization in the context of the family: Parent- child interaction. En: Hetherington EM (ed). Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development. New York: Wiley; 1983.

  9. Bolghan-Abadi M, Kimiaee SA, Amir F. The relationship between parent´s styles and their children´s quality of life and mental health. Psychology, 2011;2:230-234.

  10. McLeod B, Weisz J, Wood J. Examining the association between parenting and childhood depression: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2007;27:986-1003.

  11. Barrocas A, Hankin B. Developmental pathways to depressive symptoms in adolescence: A multi-wave prospective study of negative emotionality, stressors, and anxiety. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2011;39:489-500.

  12. Brendgen M, Wanner B, Morin A, Vitaro F. Relations with parents and with peers, temperament, and trajectories of depressed mood during early adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2005;33:579-594.

  13. Milevsky A, Schlechter M, Netter S, Keehn D. Maternal and paternal parenting styles in adolescents: associations with self-esteem, depression and life-satisfaction. J Child Fam Stud 2007;16:39-47.

  14. Oldehinkel A, Veenstra R, Ormel J, de Winter A et al. Temperament, parenting, and depressive symptoms in a population sample of preadolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006;47:684-695.

  15. Plunkett S, Henry C, Robinson L, Behnke A et al. Adolescent perceptions of parental behaviors, adolescent self-esteem, and adolescent depressed mood. J Child Fam Stud 2007;16:760-772.

  16. Barber B. Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct. Child Dev 1996;67:3296-3319.

  17. Allen J, Insabella G, Porter M, Smith F et al. A social-interactional model of the development of depressive symptoms in adolescence. J Consult Clin Psychol 2006;74:55-65.

  18. Au A, Lau S, Lee M. Suicide ideation and depression: the moderation effects of family cohesion and social self-concept. Adolescence 2009;44; 851-868.

  19. Benson M, Buehler C, Gerard J. Interparental hostility and early adolescent problem behavior. J Early Adolesc 2008;28:428-454.

  20. Branje S, Hale III W, Frijns T, Meeus W. Longitudinal associations between perceived parent-child relationship quality and depressive symptoms in adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2010;38:751–763.

  21. Florenzano R, Valdés M, Cáceres E, Cassasus M et al. Percepción de la relación parental entre adolescentes mayores y menores de 15 años. Rev Chil Pediatr 2009;80:520-527.

  22. Heaven P, Newbury K, Mak N. The impact of adolescent and parental characteristics on adolescent levels of delinquency and depression. Per Individ Dif 2004;36:173-185.

  23. McKinney C, Donnelly R, Renk K. Perceived parenting, positive and negative perceptions of parents, and late adolescent emotional adjustment. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2008;13:66-73.

  24. Sheeber L, Davis B, Leve C, Hops H et al. Adolescents’ relationships with their mothers and fathers: Associations with depressive disorder and subdiagnostic symptomatology. J Abnorm Psychol 2007;116: 144-154.

  25. Yap M, Schwartz O, Byrne M, Simmons J et al. Maternal positive and negative interaction behaviors and early adolescents’ depressive symptoms: Adolescent emotion regulation as a mediator. J Res Adolesc 2010;20:1014-1043.

  26. Sagestrano LM, Paikoff RL, Holmbeck GN, Fendrich MA. Longitudinal examination of familial risk factors for depression among inner-city African American adolescents. J Fam Psychol 2003;17:108-120.

  27. Waizenhofer R, Buchanan C, Newson J. Mothers’ and fathers’ knowledge of adolescents’ daily activities: Its sources and its links with adolescent adjustment. J Fam Psychol 2004;18:348-360.

  28. Hamza CA, Willoughby T. Perceived parental monitoring, adolescent disclosure, and adolescent depressive symptoms: A longitudinal examination. J Youth Adolesc 2011;40:902-915.

  29. Kakihara F, Tilton-Weaver l, Kerr M, Stattin H. The relationship of parental control to youth adjustment: Do youths’ feelings about their parents play a role? J Youth Adolescence 2010;39:1442-1456.

  30. Barber B, Harmon L. Violating the self: Parental psychological control of children and adolescents. En Barber BK (ed). Intrusive parenting. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2002.

  31. Loukas A. Examining temporal associations between perceived maternal psychological control and early adolescent internalizing problems. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2009;37:1113-1122.

  32. Soenens B, Park S, Vansteenkiste M, Mouratidis A. Perceived parental psychological control and adolescent depressive experiences: A cross-cultural study with Belgian and South-Korean adolescents. J Adolesc 2011;1-12.

  33. González-Forteza C, Andrade-Palos P, Jiménez-Tapia A. Recursos psicológicos relacionados con el estrés cotidiano en una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos. Salud Mental 1997;20:27-35.

  34. Gil-Rivas V, Greenberg E, Chuansheng C, Montero y López-Lena M. Understanding depressed mood in the context of family-oriented culture. Adolescence 2003;38:93-109.

  35. González-Forteza C, Andrade-Palos P. La relación de los hijos con sus progenitores y sus recursos de apoyo: correlación con la sintomatología depresiva y la ideación suicida en los adolescentes mexicanos. Salud Mental 1995;18:41-48.

  36. González-Forteza CF, Salgado de Snyder VN, Andrade-Palos, P. Fuentes de conflicto, recursos de apoyo y estado emocional en adolescentes. Salud Mental 1993;16:16-21.

  37. Andrade PP, Betancourt OD, Orozco ML. Control parental y depresión en niños. En: Sánchez AR, Díaz-Loving R, Rivera AS (eds). La psicología social en México XI. México: AMEPSO; 2006.

  38. Betancourt OD, Andrade PP, Orozco, ML. Control parental y depresión en adolescentes. En: Andrade PP, Cañas MJL, Betancourt OD (comp). Investigaciones psicosociales en adolescentes. México: UNICACH; 2008.

  39. Betancourt OD, Andrade PP. Control parental y problemas emocionales y de conducta en adolescentes. Rev Colombiana Psicol 2011;20:27-41.

  40. Breenan P, Brocque R, Hammen C. Maternal depression, parent–child relationships, and resilient outcomes in adolescence. J Am Acad Child Adoles Psychiatry 2003;42:1469-1477.

  41. Meadows SO, Brown JS, Elder Jr GH. Depressive symptoms, stress, and support: Gendered trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2006;35:93-103.

  42. McKinney C, Renk, K. Multivariate models of parent-late adolescent gender dyads: the importance of parenting processes in predicting adjustment. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2008;39:147-170.

  43. McKinney C, Milone M, Renk K. Parenting and late adolescent emotional adjustment: Mediating effects of discipline and gender. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2011;42:463-481.

  44. Andrade PP, Betancourt OD. Prácticas parentales: Una medición integral. En: Rivera AS, Díaz-Loving R, Sánchez AR, Reyes LI (eds). La psicología social en México XII. México: AMEPSO; 2008.

  45. Eaton W, Muntaner C, Smith C. Revision of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University. Prevention Center; 1998.

  46. González-Forteza C, Jiménez A, Ramos-Lira L, Wagner F. Aplicación de la Escala de Depresión del Center of Epidemiologic Studies en adolescentes de la Ciudad de México. Salud Publica Mex 2008;50:292-299.

  47. Casano P, Fava M. Depression and public health: An overview. J Psychosom Res 2002; 53:849-857.

  48. Lindzay B, Fabiano P, Stark C. The prevalence and correlates of depression among college students. Coll Stud J 2009; 43:999-1014.

  49. Medina-Mora ME, Borges G, Lara A, Benjet C et al. Prevalencia de trastornos mentales y uso de servicios: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología Psiquiátrica en México. Salud Mental 2003; 26:1-16.

  50. Benjet C, Borges G, Medina-Mora ME, Méndez E et al. Diferencias de sexo en la prevalencia y severidad de trastornos psiquiátricos en adolescentes de la Ciudad de México. Salud Mental 2009;31:155-163.

  51. Baumrind D. Effects of authoritative parental control on child behavior. Child Dev 1966;37:887-907.

  52. Baumrind D. Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental Psychology Monographs 1971;4:1-102.

  53. Baumrind D. The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. J Early Adolesc 1991;11:56-95.

  54. Maccoby EE, Martin JA. Socialization in the context of the family: Parent- child interaction. En: Hetherington EM (ed). Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development. New York: Wiley; 1983.

  55. Bolghan-Abadi M, Kimiaee SA, Amir F. The relationship between parent´s styles and their children´s quality of life and mental health. Psychology, 2011;2:230-234.

  56. McLeod B, Weisz J, Wood J. Examining the association between parenting and childhood depression: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2007;27:986-1003.

  57. Barrocas A, Hankin B. Developmental pathways to depressive symptoms in adolescence: A multi-wave prospective study of negative emotionality, stressors, and anxiety. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2011;39:489-500.

  58. Brendgen M, Wanner B, Morin A, Vitaro F. Relations with parents and with peers, temperament, and trajectories of depressed mood during early adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2005;33:579-594.

  59. Milevsky A, Schlechter M, Netter S, Keehn D. Maternal and paternal parenting styles in adolescents: associations with self-esteem, depression and life-satisfaction. J Child Fam Stud 2007;16:39-47.

  60. Oldehinkel A, Veenstra R, Ormel J, de Winter A et al. Temperament, parenting, and depressive symptoms in a population sample of preadolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006;47:684-695.

  61. Plunkett S, Henry C, Robinson L, Behnke A et al. Adolescent perceptions of parental behaviors, adolescent self-esteem, and adolescent depressed mood. J Child Fam Stud 2007;16:760-772.

  62. Barber B. Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct. Child Dev 1996;67:3296-3319.

  63. Allen J, Insabella G, Porter M, Smith F et al. A social-interactional model of the development of depressive symptoms in adolescence. J Consult Clin Psychol 2006;74:55-65.

  64. Au A, Lau S, Lee M. Suicide ideation and depression: the moderation effects of family cohesion and social self-concept. Adolescence 2009;44; 851-868.

  65. Benson M, Buehler C, Gerard J. Interparental hostility and early adolescent problem behavior. J Early Adolesc 2008;28:428-454.

  66. Branje S, Hale III W, Frijns T, Meeus W. Longitudinal associations between perceived parent-child relationship quality and depressive symptoms in adolescence. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2010;38:751–763.

  67. Florenzano R, Valdés M, Cáceres E, Cassasus M et al. Percepción de la relación parental entre adolescentes mayores y menores de 15 años. Rev Chil Pediatr 2009;80:520-527.

  68. Heaven P, Newbury K, Mak N. The impact of adolescent and parental characteristics on adolescent levels of delinquency and depression. Per Individ Dif 2004;36:173-185.

  69. McKinney C, Donnelly R, Renk K. Perceived parenting, positive and negative perceptions of parents, and late adolescent emotional adjustment. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2008;13:66-73.

  70. Sheeber L, Davis B, Leve C, Hops H et al. Adolescents’ relationships with their mothers and fathers: Associations with depressive disorder and subdiagnostic symptomatology. J Abnorm Psychol 2007;116: 144-154.

  71. Yap M, Schwartz O, Byrne M, Simmons J et al. Maternal positive and negative interaction behaviors and early adolescents’ depressive symptoms: Adolescent emotion regulation as a mediator. J Res Adolesc 2010;20:1014-1043.

  72. Sagestrano LM, Paikoff RL, Holmbeck GN, Fendrich MA. Longitudinal examination of familial risk factors for depression among inner-city African American adolescents. J Fam Psychol 2003;17:108-120.

  73. Waizenhofer R, Buchanan C, Newson J. Mothers’ and fathers’ knowledge of adolescents’ daily activities: Its sources and its links with adolescent adjustment. J Fam Psychol 2004;18:348-360.

  74. Hamza CA, Willoughby T. Perceived parental monitoring, adolescent disclosure, and adolescent depressive symptoms: A longitudinal examination. J Youth Adolesc 2011;40:902-915.

  75. Kakihara F, Tilton-Weaver l, Kerr M, Stattin H. The relationship of parental control to youth adjustment: Do youths’ feelings about their parents play a role? J Youth Adolescence 2010;39:1442-1456.

  76. Barber B, Harmon L. Violating the self: Parental psychological control of children and adolescents. En Barber BK (ed). Intrusive parenting. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2002.

  77. Loukas A. Examining temporal associations between perceived maternal psychological control and early adolescent internalizing problems. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2009;37:1113-1122.

  78. Soenens B, Park S, Vansteenkiste M, Mouratidis A. Perceived parental psychological control and adolescent depressive experiences: A cross-cultural study with Belgian and South-Korean adolescents. J Adolesc 2011;1-12.

  79. González-Forteza C, Andrade-Palos P, Jiménez-Tapia A. Recursos psicológicos relacionados con el estrés cotidiano en una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos. Salud Mental 1997;20:27-35.

  80. Gil-Rivas V, Greenberg E, Chuansheng C, Montero y López-Lena M. Understanding depressed mood in the context of family-oriented culture. Adolescence 2003;38:93-109.

  81. González-Forteza C, Andrade-Palos P. La relación de los hijos con sus progenitores y sus recursos de apoyo: correlación con la sintomatología depresiva y la ideación suicida en los adolescentes mexicanos. Salud Mental 1995;18:41-48.

  82. González-Forteza CF, Salgado de Snyder VN, Andrade-Palos, P. Fuentes de conflicto, recursos de apoyo y estado emocional en adolescentes. Salud Mental 1993;16:16-21.

  83. Andrade PP, Betancourt OD, Orozco ML. Control parental y depresión en niños. En: Sánchez AR, Díaz-Loving R, Rivera AS (eds). La psicología social en México XI. México: AMEPSO; 2006.

  84. Betancourt OD, Andrade PP, Orozco, ML. Control parental y depresión en adolescentes. En: Andrade PP, Cañas MJL, Betancourt OD (comp). Investigaciones psicosociales en adolescentes. México: UNICACH; 2008.

  85. Betancourt OD, Andrade PP. Control parental y problemas emocionales y de conducta en adolescentes. Rev Colombiana Psicol 2011;20:27-41.

  86. Breenan P, Brocque R, Hammen C. Maternal depression, parent–child relationships, and resilient outcomes in adolescence. J Am Acad Child Adoles Psychiatry 2003;42:1469-1477.

  87. Meadows SO, Brown JS, Elder Jr GH. Depressive symptoms, stress, and support: Gendered trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2006;35:93-103.

  88. McKinney C, Renk, K. Multivariate models of parent-late adolescent gender dyads: the importance of parenting processes in predicting adjustment. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2008;39:147-170.

  89. McKinney C, Milone M, Renk K. Parenting and late adolescent emotional adjustment: Mediating effects of discipline and gender. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2011;42:463-481.

  90. Andrade PP, Betancourt OD. Prácticas parentales: Una medición integral. En: Rivera AS, Díaz-Loving R, Sánchez AR, Reyes LI (eds). La psicología social en México XII. México: AMEPSO; 2008.

  91. Eaton W, Muntaner C, Smith C. Revision of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University. Prevention Center; 1998.

  92. González-Forteza C, Jiménez A, Ramos-Lira L, Wagner F. Aplicación de la Escala de Depresión del Center of Epidemiologic Studies en adolescentes de la Ciudad de México. Salud Publica Mex 2008;50:292-299.




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