2001, Number 4
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Cir Cir 2001; 69 (4)
Frequency and anatomo-clinical characteristics of esophageal cancer. Multicentric study of Veracruz City, Mexico health care institutions
Roesch-Dietlen F, José Suárez-Álvarez JL, Rueda-Torre G, Guzmán-Terrones MT, Palmeros-Sarmiento JL, Silva-Cañetas CS, Abascal-Zamora R, Pérez-Morales A
Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 181-187
PDF size: 85.38 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To know the frequency and anatomo-clinical characteristics of esophageal cancer in the city of Veracruz, México.
Design: Observational and retrospective study.
Material and Method: Revision of the clinical papers of patients with diagnosis of esophageal cancer demonstrated by endoscopic procedure carried out at the Gastroenterologic Services of Health Care Hospitals in the city of Veracruz (General Hospital, Secretaría de Salud, Centro Médico Nacional “Adolfo Ruiz Cortínes”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, and General Hospital, Instituto de Seguridad Social y Servicios para los Trabajadores del Estado), within the period between 1999 and 1999.
Results: Forty two cases of esophageal cancer are presented from 5,083 endoscopic procedures carried out during the period of 4 years, with a rate of 0.83 cases for each 100 endoscopies, with and average of 10.5 new cases per year, and a rate of 1.49 cases for each 100,000 inhabitants. The most frequent age of presentation was between the sixth and eight decade, males predominating over females in a 4:1 ratio.
The identified risk factors were the high rate of cigarette and alcohol consumption and a family history of neoplasm up to 75% of the cases; time had passed between the beginning of the symptoms and the diagnosis made varies from 14 to 16 months in our series. The predominant clinical characteristics were esophageal obstruction with severe attack on the general state of health, and in more than 50% clinical evidence of invasion to other organs were detected.
The site of highest rate of incidence of the localization of the tumor was in the inferior third of the esophagus, followed by the middle third, and macroscopic appearance as infiltrating mass and as polypoid mass. Half of the cases corresponded to epidermoid carcinoma of the histologic variety and the other half to adenocarcinoma. In addition, the well differentiated type was predominant.
Esophageal resection was done in only 9.52% of the cases with esophagogastric reconstruction by means of an gastric ascendence, and at the moment of termination the study only four patients are alive, two with tumoral activity and remaining two without tumor activity (4.76%).
The obtained results are comparable with those published in the Mexican and world literature, calling the attention to our series because the majority of the patients were Stages III and IV at the moment of the diagnosis and we consider that the inefficient results of treatment are precisely because of the advance stage of the illness.
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