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ISSN 0210-5187 (Electronic)

2011, Number 4

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Med Cutan Iber Lat Am 2011; 39 (4)

Leishmaniasis in Mexico

Vargas MF, Torres G, Arenas R, Quintanilla CMR

Language: Spanish
References: 57
Page: 163-183
PDF size: 6052.76 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Leishmaniosis is a tropical and subtropical disease caused by an intracellular parasite transmitted by an insect bite. First reports in Mexico are since the prehispanic age, and can be found in 70 countries aproximately; except in Oceania. The ratio is 1.5-2 million cases per year, causing 70.000 deaths; it is one of the most important tropical diseases for WHO, as it is a serious worldwide health problem.
The vectors, species and subspecies of genus Leishmania are biting flies of the genus Lutzomia in America and Phlebotomus in the Old World. It depends of the species of Leishmania involved and on the immunological host response, the different clinical presentations: 1) cutaneous (localized and disseminated); 2) muco-cutaneous and 3) visceral or Kala- azar.
An effective treatment to reach clinical and microbiological cure is currently based on antimonials. Another sub-optimal options are amphotericin B and miltefosine, among other less effective drugs.


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