Prieto-Díaz CE, Medina CJL, Medina De-Loera ME, García RK, López ÁP, Trujillo HB

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 4-8
PDF size: 369.68 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Despite scientific advances that enable minimally invasive surgical techniques and new drugs available to prevent nausea and vomiting (PONV), incidence of these remains high. The purpose of this study was to compare the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron versus dexamethasone in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods: 75 patients were randomized, 36 patients assigned to receive 8 mg of dexamethasone and 39, 8 mg of ondansetron intravenously. The variables were evaluated at the end of surgery, at 6 and 24 hours after surgical intervention.
Results: Patients experienced greater episodes of PONV with dexamethasone than with ondansetron (p = 0.2), but in those was presented, they were significantly more intense in the ondansetron group. 24 patients experienced no episode of nausea with dexamethasone, as compared with 28 taking ondansetron (p = 0.6). Also, 29 patients receiving dexamethasone did not vomited, as compared with 33 who received ondansetron (p = 0.4). The absolute risk reduction (ARR) for nausea was of 5.1 with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 20 (CI 26-15). While the RRA for vomiting were 4.0 with an NNT of 25 (CI 21-13).
Conclusion: We conclude that dexamethasone and ondansetron are safe and effective antiemetic in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but the surgical success may be based on reducing the costs of care and increased availability of the drug.

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