Rodríguez MHA, Chávez ML, Rodríguez RAA, López VD, Pérez OO, Medina CA, Picaso HRM

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 43-52
PDF size: 616.57 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Four types of migration of epidermal dendritic melanocytes, which give origin to melanocytic colonization, are reviewed herein. They take place in: intraepidermal nevi and melanomas, intradermal nevi, pigmented lesions and tumors composed of basaloid cells, as well as in primary and metastatic breast carcinomas. A case of a ductal infiltrating carcinoma appearing as a pigmented lesion of the areola and nipple, which was misinterpreted as a melanoma, is presented. Migration and colonization of cutaneous dendritic melanocytes to the carcinoma was found to be the cause, which was demonstrated with various histopathological techniques. A revision was made of the mechanisms that support a symbiotic relationship or biologic balance between dendritic melanocytes, basal or basaloid keratinocytes and epithelial cells of breast carcinoma. It has been determined that the last two can secrete chemotactic, melanogenic and/or proliferative factors, capable of promoting the migration of melanocytes. From these, the most important is, or seems to be, the anti-basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Migration and colonization of dendritic melanocytes to breast carcinoma, keeping their normal characteristics, contends against the widely accepted histogenesis of intradermal nevi’s superficial cells (A and B), which presupposes a radical transformation, structural as well as functional, of melanocytes into intradermal nevus cells.

REFERENCES

1. Masson P. Pigment cells in man: The biology of melanomas (publicación especial). Ann NY Acad Sci 1948;4:15-51.

2. Le Douarin N. Cell migration in early vertebrate development studied in interspecies chimaeras. In: Embryogenesis in mammals. Ciba Foundation Symposium. Amsterdam, North Holland: Elsevier Excerpta Medica, 1976;p:71-101.

3. Rosai J. An evolutionary view of neuroendocrine cells and their tumors. Int J Surg Path 2001;9:87-92.

4. Unna PG. Naevi und Naevo-karzinome. Berl Klin Wochenschr 1893;30:14-16.

5. Masson P. My conception of cellular nevi. Cancer 1951;4:9-38.

6. Fullen DR, Reed JA, Finnerty B, McNutt NS. S100A6 preferentially labels type C nevus cells and nevic corpuscles: additional support for Schwannian differentiation of intradermal nevi. J Cutan Pathol 2001;28:393-399.

7. Mishima Y, Pinkus H. Benign mixed tumor of melanocytes and malpighian cells. Arch Dermatol 1960;81:539-550.

8. Schlappner OLA, Rowden G, Phillips TM, Rahim Z. Melanoacanthoma: Ultrastructural and immunological studies. J Cutan Pathol 1978;5:127-141.

9. Zelickson AS. The pigmented basal cell epithelioma. Arch Dermatol 1967;96:524-527.

10. Bleehen SS. Pigmented basal cell epithelioma. Br J Dermatol 1975;93:361-370.

11. Rosai J. Eccrine poroma. In: Rosai and Ackerman’s Surgical Pathology. 9th ed. Edinburgh, London, New York, Oxford, Philadelphia, St Louis, Sydney, Toronto: Mosby; 2004:140.

12. Azzopardi JG, Eusebi V. Melanocyte colonization and pigmentation of breast carcinoma. Histopathology 1977;1:21-30.

13. McDivitt RW, Stewart FW, Berg JW. Atlas of tumor pathology, tumors of the breast. 2nd series, Fascicle 2, Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1968:22.

14. Rosai J. Paget’s disease. In: Rosai and Ackerman’s Surgical Pathology. 9th ed. Edinburgh, London, New York, Oxford, Philadelphia, St Louis, Sydney, Toronto: Mosby; 2004:1813-1814.

15. Sau P, Solis J, Lupton GP, James WD. Pigmented breast carcinoma. A clinical and histopathologic simulator of malignant melanoma. Arch Dermatol 1989;125:536-539.

16. Fernández-Figueras MT, Puig L, Casanova JM, Musulén E, et al. Pigmented epidermotropic ductal carcinoma of the breast in a male. Ultrastructural evidence of melanocytic colonization and melanin transfer to the tumor. J Cutan Pathol 1995; 22:276-280.

17. Saitoh K, Saga K, Okasaki M, Maeda K. Pigmented primary carcinoma of the breast: a clinical mimic of malignant melanoma. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:287-290.

18. Poiares-Baptista A, Abreu de Vasconcelos A. Cutaneous pigmented metastasis from breast carcinoma simulating malignant melanoma. Int J Dermatol 1988;27:124-125.

19. Gadkari R, Pangarkar MA, Lele VR, Bobhate SK, Kher AV. Florid melanocytic colonization in a metastasis of breast carcinoma. A case report. Acta Cytol 1997;41:1353-1355.

20. Cruickshank CND, Harcourt AS. Pigment donation. In vitro. J Invest Dermatol 1964;42:183-184.

21. Culbertson JD, Horn RC. Paget’s disease of the nipple: review of 25 cases with special reference to melanin pigmentation of “Paget cells”. Arch Surg 1956;72:224-231.

22. Mishima Y. Macromolecular changes in pigmentary disorders. Arch Dermatol 1965;91:519-557.

23. Rosen PP. Malignant melanoma and melanocytic lesions of the mammary skin and breast. In: Rosen PP, editor. Rosen’s Breast Pathology. 2a ed. Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York, London: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001:899-904.

24. Padmore RF, Lara JF, Ackerman DJ, Gales T, et al Primary combined malignant melanoma and ductal carcinoma of the breast. A report of two cases. Cancer 1996;78:2515-2525.

25. Rodríguez HA, Ackerman LV. Cellular blue nevus: clinicopathologic study of forty-five cases. Cancer 1968;1:393-405.

26. Nobukawa B, Fuji H, Hirai S, KumasakaT, et al. Breast carcinoma diverging to aberrant melanocytic differentiation: a case report with histopathologic and loss of heterozygosity analyses. Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:1280-1287.

27. Ruffolo EF, Koerner FC, Maluf HM. Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with melanocytic differentiation. Mod Pathol 1997;10:592-596.

28. Shin SJ, Kanomata N, Rosen PP. Mammary carcinoma with prominent cytoplasmic lipofucsin granules mimicking melanocytic differentiation. Histopathology 2000;37:456-459.