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2011, Number 1

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Residente 2011; 6 (1)

Conceptos generales sobre dímero-D, coagulación y patología trombótica

Tello-González A, Rubio-Jurado B, Íñiguez-Franco P, Rebolloso E, García CDE, Salazar-Páramo M, Nava A

Language: Spanish
References: 43
Page: 51-58
PDF size: 295.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

D dimer (DD) is the main product of fibrin degradation by plasmin and is generated in the final step in the formation of thrombs. Formed by two adjacent monomers joined by a cross chain link and through the sequential action of three enzymes: thrombin, Factor XIIIa and plasmin. The coagulation is mediated by cellular components and soluble plasma proteins. In response to vascular injury, circulating platelets adhere, aggregate, and provide cell-surface phospholipids for the assembly of enzyme complexes of blood coagulation. The mechanism of activation of coagulation is given by the hemostasis, the primary begins with the activation of the endothelium and the secondary corresponds to the activation of the coagulation cascade. There are 3 causes that contribute to thrombosis: changes in the vessel wall in blood composition, or blood flow (stasis). Thrombosis is mediated by endothelial adhesion molecules (intracellular adhesion molecule, vascular adhesion molecule E-selectin), complement activation, activation of protein kinase mitogen P 38, and nuclear factor B. Causes of thrombotic processes can be inherited or acquired arterial thrombosis is dominated by changes in the vessel wall (atherosclerosis). While changes in blood flow and blood composition are key factors of venous thrombosis.


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