medigraphic.com

2010, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Enf Infec Microbiol 2010; 30 (1)

Rickettsiosis. History and up-to-date

Mercado UMC

Language: Spanish
References: 54
Page: 25-31
PDF size: 98.43 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The present article reviews the rickettsiosis’ —group of diseases— history and risk factors, as well as describes its clinical presentations and treatment’s updates. This illness have had a major role in human history, and today must be regarded as a re-emerging disease, which will undoubtedly find new clinical presentations and pathogens.
New outbreaks throughout the world have identified its new epidemiology and clinical presentations, and with the help of new molecular techniques have been able to describe the phylogeny of these bacteria, which management implies a very difficult isolation and a high level of security.
Although most of the national hospital units don’t have the molecular means of identification, practical knowledge in the clinical illnesses and their relationship with vectors —coupled with screening tests— could be helpful for the clinician, because this diagnostic suspicion could reduce the risk of patient deaths.


REFERENCES

  1. 1.Cunha, BA. “The cause of the plague of Athens: Plague, typhoid, typhus, smallpox, or measles?” Infect Dis Clin North Am 2004; 18: 29-43.

  2. 2.Raoult D, Woodward T, Dumler S. “The history of epi-demic typhus”. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2004; 18: 127-140.

  3. 3.Boletín de la Sociedad de Geografía y Estadística de México. “Ensayo de geografía médica y clima-tológica de la República Mexicana”. Tercera parte, Libro I. Enfermedades enzimóticas y constitucionales. Capítulo II. “Enfermedades tifoideas”. Coordinación de Publicaciones Digitales. Ciudad Universitaria. Datos recopilados por la oficina Tipográfica de la Secretaría de Fomento, 1889. Fondo Antiguo de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM.

  4. 4.Parola P, Paddock C, Raoult D. “Tick borne rickettsioses around the world: Emerging infectious diseases chal-lenging old concepts”. Clin Microb Rev 2005; 18(4): 719-756.

  5. 5.Cueva-Cardona C. «Ciencia de punta en el Instituto Bacteriológico Nacional (1905-1921) ». Historia Mexi-cana LVII(1): 53-89.

  6. 6.Elston D. “New and emerging infectious diseases”. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52: 1062-1068.

  7. 7.Lewis MD, Azeez Y, Lerdthusnee K. “Scrub typhus re-emergence in the Maldives”. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9(4): 480-482.

  8. 8.Rolain J, Jensenius M, Raoult D. “Rickettsial infec-tions—a threat to travellers?” Curr Opin Infect Dis 2004; 17: 433-437.

  9. 9.Pickard A. “A study of febrile illnesses on the Thai-Myanmar border: Predictive factors of rickettsioses”. South Asian J Trop Med Pub Health 2004; 35: 657-663.

  10. 10.Kuloglu F. “Prospective evaluation of rickettsioses in the Trakya (European) region of Turkey and atypic presentations of Rickettsia conorii.” Ann NY Acad Sci 2006; 1078:173-175.

  11. 11.Anuarios de Morbilidad 1984-2005. Dirección General de Epidemiología, Secretaría de Salud, página electró-nica.

  12. 12.Mercado-Uribe M, Martínez-Arce P, Contreras-García H. “Tifo epidémico en Jalisco. Presentación de un caso clínico pediátrico”. Enf Infec Micr 2006; 26: 64-66.

  13. 13.Martínez-Mendoza M. “Historia del tifo epidémico desde la época prehispánica hasta nuestros días”. Epidemiología. Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epide-miológica. Sistema Único de Información. 2005.

  14. 14.Bernabeu-Wittel W, Segura-Porta F. “Enfermedades producidas por rickettsias”. Enf Infecc Microbiol Clin 2005; 23(3): 163-172.

  15. 15.Boostrom A, Beier M, Macaluso J. “Geographic as-sociation of Rickettsia felis-infected opossums with human murine typhus, Texas”. Emerg Infec Dis 2002; 8: 549-554.

  16. 16.Cruz-Vázquez C, García-Vázquez S, Morales M. “Preva-lence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, infestation in dogs in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico”. Parasitol 1998; 1-2: 29-32.

  17. 17.Fleta-Zaragozano J. “Rickettsiosis transmitidas por pio-jos, pulgas y ácaros”. Med Integral 2002; 39: 147-152.

  18. 18.Raoult D, Roux V. “Rickettsioses as paradigms of new or emerging infectious diseases”. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 694-719.

  19. Walker D. “Targetting rickettsia (clinical implications of basic research)”. New Eng J Med 2006; 354: 1418-1420.

  20. 20.Katz B, Waites K. “Emerging intracellular bacterial in-fections”. Clin Lab Med 2004; 24: 627-649.

  21. 21.Dietrich J, Perlman S, Hertweck P. “Case report. Post-traumatic vulvar hematoma secondary to coagulopathy caused by rickettsial infection”. J Ped Adolesc Gyn 2005; 18: 175-177.

  22. 22.Thakar S. “Update on emerging infections: News from the centers for disease control and prevention”. Ann Emerg Med 2004; 44: 43-45.

  23. 23.Lew H, Lane B, Zeiner H. “Neuroimaging and clinical manifestations of bilateral temporal encephalopathy secondary to murine Typhus infection”. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 84: 310-311.

  24. 24.Kogulu F. “Prospective evaluation of rickettsioses in the Trakya (European) region of Turkey and atypic pre-sentation of Rickettsia conorii”. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006; 1078: 173-175.

  25. 25.Alcántara-Rodríguez V. “Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica”. Epidemiología. Sistema Único de in-formación. 2006; 1-4.

  26. 26.Koliou M, Psaroulaki A, Georgiu C. “Muryne typhus in Cyprus: 21 paediatric cases”. Eur J Clin Microbiol In-fect Dis 2007; 26: 491-493.

  27. 27.Boletín Epidemiológico 1985-2005. Secretaría de Salud.

  28. 28.Morón C. “Tema de revisión. Tifus exantemático: Enfer-medad reemergente en el Perú”. Rev Med Exp 1999; XV(1-2): 51-54.

  29. 29.Hernández-Cabrera M, Ángel-Moreno A, Santana E. “Murine typhus with renal involvement in Canary Is-lands, Spain”. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 740-743.

  30. 30.Bacellar F, Lencastre I, Filipe A. “Is murine typhus reemerging in Portugal?” Eurosurvillance 1998; 3: 18-20.

  31. 31.Niang M, Brouqui P, Raoult D. “Epidemic typhus im-ported from Algeria”. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5(5): 716-718.

  32. 32.Reynolds M, Krebs J, Comer J. “Flying squirrel associ-ated typhus, United States”. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 1341-1343.

  33. 33.Medina A. “Detection of a typhus group rickettsia in amblyomma ticks in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico”. Ann NY Acad Sci 2005; 327-332.

  34. 34.Pérez-Osorio C, Zavala-Velázquez J, Arias-León J. “Ric-kettsia felis as emergent global threat for humans”. Emerg Infect Dis J 2008; 14: 1019-1023.

  35. 35.Ken-Ichi A, Hatakeyama H, Okuta M. “Serological stud-ies of antigenic similarity between Japanese fever rick-ettsiae and Weil-Felix test antigens”. J Clin Micr 1992;

  36. 30: 2441-2446.

  37. 36.Halle S, Dash G, Weiss E. “Sensitive enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against typhus rickettsiae, Rickettsia prowasekii, and Rickettsia typhi”. J Clin Micriobiol 1997; 6: 101-110.

  38. 37.Norma Mexicana para la Vigilancia de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vector. NOM EM-001-SSA-1999.

  39. 38.Fang R, Houhamdi L, Raoult D. “Detection of Rickettsia prowasekii in body lice and their feces by using mo-noclonal antibodies”. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 3358-3363.

  40. 39.Anacker R, Mann R, Gonzalez C. “Reactivity of mono-clonal antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii with spotted fever and typhus group rickettsiae”. J Clin Microbiol 1987; 25: 167-171.

  41. 40.Johnson J, Pedersen C. “Plaque formations by strains of spoted fever rickettsiae in monolayer cultures of va-rious cell types”. J Clin Micr 1978; 7: 389-391.

  42. 41.Birg M, La Scola B, Roux V. “Isolation of Rickettsia prowasekii from blood by shell vial cell culture”. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 3722-3724.

  43. 42.Koneman E, Allen S, Janda W. “Bacilos Gram negativos exigentes”. Diagnóstico microbiológico. Texto y Atlas a color, 5a. ed., cap. 8, Panamericana Argentina-México, 2003, 434-461.

  44. 43.Zhu Y, Fourniere P, Ogata H, Raoult P. “Multispacer ty-ping of Rickettsia prowasekii enabling epidemiological studies of epidemic typhus”. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 4708-4712.

  45. 44.Zekeyova Z, Roux V, Raoult D. “Phylogeny of Rickett-sia spp. inferred by comparing secuences of ‘gene D’, which encodes an intracytoplasmic protein”. Int J System and Evolutionary Microbiology 2001; 51: 1353-1360.

  46. 45.Walker D. “Targetting rickettsia (clinical implication of basic research)”. New Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1418-1420.

  47. 46.Buckingham S. “Tick-borne infections in children: Epi-demiology, clinical manifestations, and optimal mana-gement strategies”. Ped Drugs 2005; 7: 163-176.

  48. 47.Maender J, Tyring S. “Treatment and prevention of ric-kettsial and ehrlichial infections”. Derm Ther 2004; 17: 499-504.

  49. 48.Kyun-Yil L, Hiung-Shin L, Ja-Hiung H. “Roxithromicyn treatment of scrub typhus (Tsutsugamushi disease) in children”. Ped Infect Dis J 2003; 22: S130-S133.

  50. 49.Watt G, Kantipong P, Jongsakul K. “Doxycycline and rifampicine for mild scrub typhus infection in northern Thailand: A randomized trial”. Lancet 2000; 356: 1957-1961.

  51. 50.Kym Y. “Optimal dosage of azithromicyn for the treatment of mild scrub typhus”. Clinical & Microbiolo-gy Infection 2004; 14avo European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Praga, Repúbli-ca Checa, 1 a 4 de mayo 10(supl. 3): 98.

  52. 51.Cocker C, Majad M, Radulovic S. “Development of Ric-kettsia prowazekii DNA vaccine clonning strategies”. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003; 990: 757-764.

  53. 52.Cowan G. “Rickettsial infections”. En Cook G, Zumla A, Manson’s Tropical Diseases, 21ava. ed., cap. 50, Lon-dres, Saunders, 2003, 891-906.

  54. 53.López-Vélez R, Molina-Moreno R. “Cambio climático en España y riesgo de enfermedades infecciosas y parasi-tarias transmisibles por artrópodos y garrapatas”. Rev Esp Salud Pública 2005; 79: 177-190.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com