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2010, Number 6

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Rev Mex Pediatr 2010; 77 (6)

Availability of water for health and life. What everyone should know

Gómez-Gómez M, Danglot-Banck C, Vega-Franco L

Language: Spanish
References: 52
Page: 260-270
PDF size: 286.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Water is a composite substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In its most common use refers to liquid, but it can be found in solid form (ice) or gaseous form (steam). Water covers 71% of the Earth’s surfacc and is mainly located in oceans which concentrates the 97% of the total water, glaciers and ice caps, underground deposits (aquifers), the permafrost and the continental glaciers are the 2.4% and in descending order between lakes, moisture from the soil atmosphere, reservoirs, rivers and living beings is distributed the 0.6%. From the physical point of view, the water circulates constantly in a cycle of evapotranspiration, precipitation, and sea scroll. Winds carry water vapor both which is poured into the seas through its course on Earth, in an approximate amount of 45,000 km3 each year. On land, evaporation and transpiration contribute 74,000 annual km3 to cause 119,000 km3 precipitation per year. It is estimated that fresh water is used in agriculture 70%, industry 20% and for domestic use 10%. Drinking water is essential to all forms of life, including the human. Water consumption has increased substantially during recent decades practically in all the Earth’s surface. Finally we made recommendations about saving water.


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