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2008, Number 3

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Enf Infec Microbiol 2008; 28 (3)

Molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli

Castro AN, Carreón VED, Moreno GME, Alarcón RLC

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 114-120
PDF size: 86.75 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Resistance to third generation cephalosporins is increasing. This resistance is explained by the acquisition and expression of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) enzymes among Gram-negative. Therefore, infections due to ESBL isolates continue to pose a challenge to infection management worldwide. The objective was to determine the existence of and describe phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of ESBL in Escherichia coli isolates. Thirty E. coli isolates where analyzed. The isolates were obtained from patients with nosocomial infection at two hospitals in the State of Guerrero, Mexico. They were collected during the period of November 2002 through October 2004. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed and the β-lactamases were characterized by isoelectric focusing (IFE) and chain reaction of the polimerasa (PCR). Plasmid extraction and bacterial conjugations were performed as well. The results showed that 40% of these isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefepime. The proportion of ESBL producers was 40%. The IEF demonstrated six β-lactamases with isoelectric points of 5.4, 7.0, 7.6, 7.8, 8.2 and 9.0. Specific PCR amplification confirmed that E. coli isolates harbored genes blaTEM, blaSHV, blaTLA and blaCTX. Fifteen of the isolates (50%) were able to transfer plasmids of 93 and 170 kb. This study shows the presence of ESBL genes among E. coli isolates in the two hospitals. There is a need to institute strict hospital infection control policies and regular surveillance of resistance to antimicrobial agents.


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