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ISSN 0187-5337 (Print)
Instituto Nacional de Perinatología

2010, Number 1

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Perinatol Reprod Hum 2010; 24 (1)

Maternal death from a gender violence perspective

González-Pacheco I, Romero-Pérez I, Sámano-Sámano R, Torres-Cosme JL, Sánchez-Miranda G, Chávez-Courtois M

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 60-66
PDF size: 218.42 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The issue of maternal death seen from a gender violence perspective intends to understand the indirect causes of death in women during pregnancy, post-pregnancy and birth. In particular, those that are a consequence of gender inequalities based on historical, social, and cultural factors. Ninety-nine percent of the 529,000 maternal deaths that occur every year in the world happen to women in poor countries and who suffer serious, long-term complications. Complications associated with pregnancy and birth are amongst the main causes of death for women in developing countries which creates the need for better access to emergency obstetric care. It is also important to mention that domestic violence, as well as the high numbers of maternal death in developing countries, are a widely recognized public health and a social justice problem. Even though the actual rate between maternal death and domestic violence has not been established. The Pan American Health Association (PAHO) indicates that the number of differences between and within countries as well as the factors that explain these differences, make it necessary to ask ourselves if it is possible to reduce the numbers of maternal death without looking at violence against women as a main or contributing factor.


REFERENCES

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  14. Ronsmans C, Khlat M. Adolescence and risk of violent death during pregnancy in Matlab, Bangladesh. Lancet 1999; 354(9188): 1448.

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  16. Espinoza H, Camacho V. Maternal death due to domestic violence: an unrecognized critical component of maternal mortality. Rev Panam Salud Pública 2005; 17: 123-9.

  17. Sunita K, Kiersten J. Reproductive health and domestic violence: are the poorest women uniquely disadvantaged? Demography 2006: 43: 293-307.

  18. González R. Diagnóstico Situacional y Propuestas para un Programa Nacional, Estudio Nacional, El Salvador, México, CEPAL, 2001.

  19. Castañeda M. El Machismo Invisible, Ed Grijalbo, 2002: 183.

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  22. Frautschi S, Cerulli A, Maine D. Suicide during pregnancy and its neglect as a component of maternal mortality. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1994; 47: 275-84.

  23. Rizzi RG, Cordoba RR, Maguna JJ. Maternal mortality due to violence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1998; 63 Suppl 1: S19-24.

  24. Campero L, Walker D, Hernández B, Espinoza H, Reynoso S. La contribución de la violencia a la mortalidad materna en Morelos México, Salud Pública Mex 2006; 48: Suppl 2: S297-306.

  25. Burdiel I. Introducción al libro Vindicación de los Derechos de la Mujer. Trad. Carmen Martínez, Madrid: Ediciones Cátedra, Universidad de Valencia, Instituto de la Mujer, 1996: 7-93.

  26. Urrutia E. Presentación del Foro de Discusión sobre la Mujer y el SIDA. En Mujer y SIDA. Programa interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer, México: El Colegio de México, 1994: 7-10.

  27. PAHO/WHO Programa Mujer, Salud y Desarrollo; Serie Género y Salud Pública, 1999.

  28. Walker D, Campero L, Hernández B. Estudios sobre mortalidad materna y violencia: implicaciones para la prevención, Salud Pública Mex 2007; 49 (edición especial): E234-5.

  29. Clasificación Estadística Internacional de Enfermedades y Problemas Relacionados con la Salud (CIE10). Publicado por la OMS, 1994.

  30. INEGI. Estadísticas a propósito del Día Internacional para la Eliminación de la Violencia Contra las Mujeres. Datos Nacionales. México. 2005.

  31. INEGI, Encuesta Nacional de la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares, 2006. Base de datos.

  32. Ellsberg M, Heise L, Pena R, Agurto S, Winkvist A. Researching domestic violence against women: methodological and ethical considerations. Stud Fam Plann 2001; 32: 1-16.

  33. Nasir Khurram et al. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Pregnant women more likely to experience violence. Cited by: Feminist Majority Foundation. June 24, 2003. En: la Encuesta Experimental de Demografía y Salud de la República Dominicana.

  34. CESDEM et al. Encuesta Experimental de Demografía y Salud. Santo Domingo, 2001.

  35. Langer A, Hernández B, García C, Saldaña G. Identifying interventions to prevent maternal mortality in Mexico: a verbal autopsy study. In: Berer M, Sundari T (editors): Reproductive Health Matters. Safe motherhood initiatives: critical issues. London: Blackwell Science; 1999: 127-36.

  36. George D. CDC explores pregnancy-homicide link. The Washington Post, 23 February, 2005. Washington DC.

  37. Gazmararian JA, Adams MM, Saltzman LE, Johnson CH, Bruce FC, Marks JS, Zahniser SC. The relationship between pregnancy intendedness and physical violence in mothers of newborns. The PRAMS Working Group. Obstet Gynecol 1995; 85: 1031-8.

  38. Ronsmans C, Khlat M. Adolescence and risk of violent death during pregnancy in Matlab, Bangladesh. Lancet 1999; 354(9188): 1448.

  39. Janssen PA, Holt VL, Sugg NK, Emanuel I, Critchlow CM, Henderson AD. Intimate partner violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 1341-7.

  40. Espinoza H, Camacho V. Maternal death due to domestic violence: an unrecognized critical component of maternal mortality. Rev Panam Salud Pública 2005; 17: 123-9.

  41. Sunita K, Kiersten J. Reproductive health and domestic violence: are the poorest women uniquely disadvantaged? Demography 2006: 43: 293-307.

  42. González R. Diagnóstico Situacional y Propuestas para un Programa Nacional, Estudio Nacional, El Salvador, México, CEPAL, 2001.

  43. Castañeda M. El Machismo Invisible, Ed Grijalbo, 2002: 183.

  44. WHO. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Tenth Revision. Geneva; WHO 1992. Disponible en: http://www3.who.int/icd/vollhtm2003/fr-icd.htm)

  45. Gazmararian JA, Spitz AM, Rowley DL, Goodwin MM, Saltzman LE et al. Violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature and directions for future research. Am J Prey Med 1997; I 3: 366-73.

  46. Frautschi S, Cerulli A, Maine D. Suicide during pregnancy and its neglect as a component of maternal mortality. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1994; 47: 275-84.

  47. Rizzi RG, Cordoba RR, Maguna JJ. Maternal mortality due to violence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1998; 63 Suppl 1: S19-24.

  48. Campero L, Walker D, Hernández B, Espinoza H, Reynoso S. La contribución de la violencia a la mortalidad materna en Morelos México, Salud Pública Mex 2006; 48: Suppl 2: S297-306.




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