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2001, Number 1

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Salud Mental 2001; 24 (1)

Mente-cerebro: sus señales y su repercusión en el sistema inmunológico

Heinze G

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 3-9
PDF size: 121.49 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Psychiatric disorders may only be understood on the basis of multifac-torial genesis. Psychosocial and biological factors (brain neurotrans- mitters) participate in depression. Our childhood experiences interact with our genetic background, therefore mental health is a complex fenotype influenced by both types of factors. An important line of investigation is the emotional life of people. At present, studies focusing on the psychodynamic factors are also including neurobiologic factors, which study the biochemical modifica- tions caused by stress. The hypocampus is a fundamental structure in learning and memory processes, which may be affected by emotion and stress. There is a high concentration of glucocorticoid receptors (the stress hormone) in the hypocampus, therefore it is considered as the key site for the integration of the cognitive, neurohormonal and neurochemical reponse to emotion and stress. Hypocampal dysfunc-tion produces a series of memory disorders. Glucocorticoids gener- ated by prolongued stress may not only reduce the hypocampal vol- ume, but also affect the modulation of genetic expression, immunity, reproduction and bone construction. The most recent imagenology technics have shown disorders in this neuroanatomic structure in pa- tients having experienced traumatic childhood life events or stressing experiences in adulthood (as in battle). The cerebral response to stress is closely related to the immuno- logic system. Intercommunication between the nervous and immu- nologic systems is carried out not only by neurotransmitters gener- ated in the brain, and hormones produced by the endocrine system, but also by the cells regulating the immune response, such as citocines, whose action on the brain and on behavior is being actually investi- gated.


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