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ISSN 0187-5337 (Print)
Instituto Nacional de Perinatología

2000, Number 3

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Perinatol Reprod Hum 2000; 14 (3)

Infecciones nosocomiales en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales

Medina-Mejía M, Hernández-Ramos I, Nandí-Lozano ME, Ávila-Figueroa C

Language: Spanish
References: 33
Page: 143-150
PDF size: 327.13 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Newborns present the higher rates of nosocomial infection and these infections are one of most important causes of morbidity and mortality, specially in intensive care units.
Objective: To determine the frequency, site and main agents that cause nosocomial infections in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Material and methods: A descriptive study from 1994 to 1998 was performed. Nosocomial infections were analyzed at neonatal intensive care unit at the Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”. Data were obtained from the surveillance system in charge of Hospital Epidemiology Department.
Results: A total of 484 cases of nosocomial infection occurred at the NICU between 1994 — 1998 were analyzed. The mean infection rate was 35.8 per 100 discharges (CI 95%, 33.3-38.5%). The most frequent sites of infection were primary bacteremia (27.9%), pneumonia (20.9%), sepsis (16.5%) and urinary tract infections (8.9%). At 61% of all infections reported (296/484) a microorganism was isolated. Main isolated agents were coagulase-negative staphylococci (29.7%) and Klebsiella spp. (18.6%). The higher frequency of infection episode occurred after 7 and 9 days of hospitalization.
Conclusions: Prevention of nosocomial infections in nurseries is one of most important programs of infection control in pediatrics, since these kind of infections affect more than a third part of newborns critically ill. Programs oriented to prevent nosocomial infections must be focused on care processes improvement.


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