Rivera CAE, Sánchez GJM, Escalante J, Caballero LO

Language: Spanish
References: 33
Page: 239-253
PDF size: 119.32 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Liquid reposition in athletes is a topic that concerns trainers and health professionals. They are responsible for keeping a proper hydration condition in athletes. The consequences of dehydration may include faints, heat stress and, in some extreme cases, death. This lack of knowledge may lead to improper customs, such as the consumption of natural water during long training periods, instead of electrolytic beverages. The objective measurement, without invasive methods, is elementary in the professional practice. Urine density (Specific gravity) is very useful in the professional evaluation of sportsmen hydration. Material and methods: It was carried out an observational, prospective, transversal, and comparative study. The study was performed on infantile and young sportsmen, ranging from 9 to 17 years old, and from both sexes. The studied people were from selective teams. Twenty-two girls and 22 boys from selective teams were evaluated. In order to know urine density, a portable refractometer was used. To compare urine colors, it was used the scale established by Lawrence E. Armstrong. Results: A high percentage of boys (37%) have insufficient knowledge with regard to hydration. It was observed that just a few boys (9%) have a proper knowledge about hydration. The urine color was significantly higher in boys than in girls. The 62.22% of the infantile population had no optimum hydration conditions in order to perform their training. Just the 37.7% attended their training presenting an appropriate hydration condition in order to perform their training. The hydration condition presented a negative correlation with the level of knowledge (r = - 0.29; p ‹ 0.05) and with the attitudes regarding liquid reposition. Water consumption of 1.4 to 1.5 liters/day, both for boys and girls, is less than the consumption recommended by the IOM. The recommended water consumption is of 2.4 L/d for children being between 9 and 13 years old, and of 3.3 liters/day for children between 14 to 18 years old. This last fact may affect their health condition in a direct way. The habits of liquid reposition were not influenced by any kind of variable; however, the attitudes were found to be correlated to sports too (r = 0.042; p ‹ 0.05). Conclusions: Good sportive performance depends on diet and hydration. Therefore, it is very important to control both parameters if any measurements are going to be recorded. Urine density is a reliable and achievable parameter in such a task. It is deplorable that both men and women have different responses during exercise. Nevertheless, the recommendations for both sportsmen and sportswomen are the same and really very scarce.

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