medigraphic.com
Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2007, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2007; 24 (2)

Syncytial Respiratory Virus Infections on Pediatrics.

Cano-Rangel MA, Álvarez-Hernández G, Dorame-Castillo R, Contreras-Soto J

Language: Spanish
References: 38
Page: 73-80
PDF size: 57.99 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Respiratory tract infection is the leading cause of pediatric consultation in Mexico, causing important clinical sequels in some patients, like persistent wheezing due to bronchiolitis and/or viral pneumonia. The opportune identification of the causative agent is essential to design effective strategies of tertiary prevention, particularly those directed to the proper use of drugs, particularly antibiotics. This is relevant in the treatment of lower tract respiratory infections, because some strategies actually in use are controversial as steroids and beta-agonist. There are some recent treatments like the use of air/helium, surfactant factor in critically ill patients and vaporized hypertonic saline solutions intended to modify the rheologic properties of the mucus facilitating the removal of viscid secretions of the respiratory tract. Other medical interventions like preventive therapies using specific intravenous gammaglobulin for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or the application of monoclonal antibodies have shown good results in high risk population. Above 70% of the admissions to the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora are due to lower respiratory tract infections in, most of them developing inspiratory wheezing; in some of these patients this phenomenon is a long lasting one. By such reason, this revision intends to identify practical measures to improve medical care of our patients.


REFERENCES

  1. Virkki R, Juven T, Svedström E, Mertodola J Ruuskanen O. Differentiation of bacterial and viral pneumonia in children. Thorax 2002; 57: 438-41.

  2. Bustamante CM, Velazquez RF, Cabrera ML. et al. Molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus in postmortem lung tissue samples from Mexican children deceased with pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2001; 20: 495-501.

  3. Simoes EA, Carbonell EX. Impact of severe disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus in children living in developed countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: s13-20.

  4. Welliver RC. Respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: S6-12.

  5. Mejías A, Chávez BS, Ramillo O. Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia: mechanisms of inflamation and prolongad airway hyperresponsineness. Curr Opin Infec Dis 2005; 18: 199-204.

  6. Mejías A, Chávez BS, Ríos AM, Fonseca AM. et al. Asma y virus respiratorio sincitial. Nuevas oportunidades de intervención terapéutica. An Pediatr (Barc) 2004; 61(3): 252-60.

  7. Crowe JE. Human pmetaneumovirus as major cause of human respiratory tractdisease. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004; 23: S215-S211.

  8. The Human metaneumovirus and respiratory tract infection. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 696.

  9. Hayden FG. Respiratory viral threats. Curr Opin Infec Dis 2006; 19: 169-78.

  10. Woensel J, Aslderen W, Kimpen J. Viral Lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. BMJ 2003; 327: 36-40.

  11. Wolf DG, Greenberg D, Kalkstein D. et al. Comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25:320-4.

  12. Hasan SJ. Treatment of respiratory syncytial virus: antiviral therapies. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003; 22: S89-93.

  13. Gern JE MD. Viral and bacterial infections in the development and progression of asma, J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105: S497-502.

  14. Joshi P, Shaw A, Kakakios A, Isaacs. Interferon-gamma levels in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viral infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 131-47.

  15. Sigurs N. Respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract illness in infancy and subsequent morbidity. Acta Paediatrica 2007; 96:156-7.

  16. Parkin PC, Taylor CY, Petric M, Schun S, Goldbach M. Controlled Study of Respiratory viruses an wheezing. Arch Dis Child 2002; 87: 221-2.

  17. Shetty AK, Treynor E, Hill D. el al. Comparison of conventional viral cultures with direct fluorescent antibody stains for diagnosis of community-acquired respiratory virus infections in hospitalized children. Pediatr Infec Dis J 2003; 22: 789-94.

  18. Byington CL, Castillo H, Gerber C. et al. The effect of rapid respiratory viral diagnostic testing on antibiotic use in a children’s hospital. Arch pediatr Adolesc Med 2002; 156:1230-4.

  19. Templeton KE, Scheltinga SA, Beersma M. et al. Rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time PCR for diagnosis of infections by influenza A and Influenza B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1,2,3 y 4. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 1564-9.

  20. Cuchacovich R. Clinical Applications of the polymerase chain reaction: An update. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2006; 20:735-58.

  21. Hibbitts S, Fox J. The application of molecular techniques to diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections. Rev Med Micro 2002; 13: 177-85.

  22. Kaygusut S, Köksal I, Aydin K, Çaylan R. Investigation of atypical bacteria and virus antigens in respiratory tract infections by use of an immunofluorescense method. Jpn J Infect Dis 2004; 57: 33-6.

  23. Bloomfield P, Dalton D, Karleka A, Kesson A, Isaacs D. Bacteraemia and antibiotic use in respiratory syncytial virus infections. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89: 363-7.

  24. Buttery J, Moxon R. Capsulate bacteria and the lung. BMB 2002; 61: 63-80.

  25. Beadling C, Slifka M. How do viral infections predispose patients to bacterial infections?. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2004 17: 181-91.

  26. Arrevillaga G, Gómez GB. Aspectos moleculares de las coinfecciones de virus respiratorios con bacterias. Enf Inf Microbiol 2006; 26: 115-22.

  27. Valverde MJ, Montaner AE. Tratamiento de la bronquiolitis: uso de adrenalina nebulizad. An Pediatr (Barc) 2005; 62: 178-84.

  28. Martínez JB, Maza TA, López JC, Ortiz MV. Respuesta al tratamiento de la bronquiolitis con epinefrina natural (levógira) inhalada. Rev Mex Pediatr 2001; 68: 5-7.

  29. Sánchez DI. ¿Cuál es la terapia broncodilatadora de elección en el lactante hospitalizado por bronquiolitis aguda?. Rev Chil Pediatr 2001; 72: 557-9.

  30. Kimpen J. Management of respiratory syncytial virus infection. Curr Opin Infec Dis 2001; 14: 323-8.

  31. Jartti T, Lehitinen P, Vanto T. et al.Evaluation of the efficacy of prednisolone in early wheezing induced by rhinovirus or respiratory syncytial virus. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25: 482-8.

  32. Rañó A, Agusti C, Sibila O, Torres A. Associated inflammatory response in pneumonia: role of adjunctive therapy with glucocorticoids. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2006; 19: 179-84.

  33. Cambonie G, Milési C, Founier S. et al. Clinical Effects of heliox administration for acute bronchiolitis in young infants. Chest 2006;129:676-82.

  34. Ventre k, Haroon M Davison C. Surfactant therapy for bronchiolitis in critically ill infants (review). The Cochrane collaboration published by John Wiley & son, Ltd 2006.

  35. Tal G, Cesar K, Oron A. et al. Hypertonic saline/epinephrine treatment in hospitalized infants with viral bronchiolitis reduces hospitalization stay: 2 years experience. IMAJ 2006; 8:189-73.

  36. Keller M, Stiehm. Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2000; 4: 602-14.

  37. Meissner C, Long S. revised indications for use of palivizumab and respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics 2003; 6: 1447-52.

  38. Martínez MLJ. Palivizumab en la prevención de la infección por virus respiratorio sincitial. Rev Chil Pediatr 2002; 73: 9-14.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com