Villegas RI, Villanueva ELA

Language: Spanish
References: 12
Page: 448-453
PDF size: 146.16 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: Relation between gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension increases significantly the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality risk.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Material and methods: In this case-control study, were compared a total of 90 women with gestational diabetes mellitus according to absence (controls, n = 60) or presence (cases, n = 30) of pregnancy-induced hypertension in terms of demographic data, previous reproductive history, maternal and neonatal characteristics. Odds ratios and 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated to estimate the effects of individual factors on the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Results: In our study, the body mass index in cases was greater than controls (35.70 ± 8.7 vs. 31.17 ± 5.2). In addition, pregnancy-induced hypertension in a previous pregnancy was the only factor associated with an increased risk of recurrent hypertension (OR = 4.52, IC95%:1.02-20.03).
Conclusions: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension in a previous pregnancy require more surveillance for to prevent or achieve an early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, and if the woman is overweight, she should be offered advice on life style adjustment for to avoid maternal and perinatal complications.

REFERENCES

1. American Diabetes Association. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2004; Suppl 1: S88-90.

2. Pallardo Sánchez LF. Concepto, epidemiología y patogenia de la diabetes gestacional. En: Pallardo Sánchez LF, González González A, Quero Jiménez J, editores. Diabetes y embarazo. Madrid: Aula médica ediciones; 1999. p.19-29.

3. Forsbach G, Cantu-Diaz C, Vazquez-Lara J, Villanueva-Cuellar MA, Alvarez y Garcia C, Rodriguez-Ramirez E. Gestational diabetes and glucosa intolerance in a Mexican population. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1997;59:229-32.

4. Forsbach-Sánchez G, González-Obele E, Villanueva-Cuéllar MA, Tamez HE, Rocha-Márquez J. Impacto del nuevo criterio para el diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional en la estimación de su prevalencia. Rev Invest Clin 2003;55:507-10.

5. Solomon CG, Seely EW. Brief review: hypertension in pregnancy: a manifestation of the insulin resistance syndrome? Hypertension 2001;37:232-9.

6. Reque CJA, Yáñez FM. Complicaciones obstétricas. En: Pallardo Sánchez LF, González González A, Quero Jiménez J, editores. Diabetes y embarazo. Madrid: Aula médica ediciones; 1999;pp:117-9.

7. Bryson CL, Ioannou GN, Rulyak SJ, Critchlow C. Association between gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:1148-53.

8. Roberts R. Hypertension in women with gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998;21(suppl. 2):B27-32.

9. Jacobson JD, Cousins L. A population-based study of maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;161:981-6.

10. Carr DB, Utzschneider KM, Hull RL, Tong J, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in women with a family history of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006;29:2078-83.

11. Ricart W, Lopez J, Mozas J, Pericot A, et al. Body mass index has a greater impact on pregnancy outcomes than gestational hyperglycemia. Diabetologia 2005;48:1736-42.

12. Hjartardottir S, Leifsson BG, Geirsson RT, Steinthorsdottir V. Recurrence of hypertensive disorder in second pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;194:916-20.