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1999, Number 4

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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 1999; 12 (4)

Influenza virus. Past and present riddle

Manjarrez ZME, Arenas LG

Language: Spanish
References: 88
Page: 290-299
PDF size: 159.39 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Antecedents: The influenza virus is biologically and biochemically unique. It has caused pandemics of high mortality in the past, and continues to engender epidemics of consequential impact on health and economy. There are 3 immunological types which affect humans, virus A, B and C. Type A can also infect a wide range of animals, particularly birds of various species, pigs and horses.
Characteristics: The virus contains a segmented RNA genome of negative polarity; this characteristic favors the high degree of variability, especially of virus type A in which it arises by mutation or genetic recombination. This phenomenon is increased when the virus passes from one animal species to another, which generates new viral subtypes. The most important modifications are in the glycoproteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
Immunity: Resistance has been reported to depend on immunity to surface proteins, especially hemagglutinin. Therefore, each time a new viral subtype arises the human population is sensitive to infection. Some vaccines are available at present, however, their success in humans is limited. Informative campaigns on control and case detection are very important. Despite scientific progress, the riddle of the influenza virus continues.


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