Méndez-Tovar LJ

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 128-130
PDF size: 37.46 Kb.

ABSTRACT

The systemic mycoses present in Mexico are three: coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis. All of them are acquired by respiratory route and later, they are disseminated to diverse organs. Coccidioidomycosis is more frequent in the states of northern Mexico, where the climate and the soil rich in salts allow the development of Coccidioides immitis. The most important registers are from some communities of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon states where up to 90% of the population has had contact with the agent; this has been detected by serological tests. Histoplasmosis occurs throughout country mainly associated to manipulation of bat and bird’s guano. In the last three decades its importance has increased with the AIDS pandemic. This mycosis can cause a long evolution febrile syndrome and finally death. Paracoccidiodomycosis is present in states with temperate or tropical climates such as Veracruz where the temperature and humidity associated to the great amount of vegetal material in the soil favour the development of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. After the lung infection this agent shows a tendency to invade lymph nodes, adrenal glands and skin. Although these infections can be lethal, they are not required as an obligatory epidemiologic inform, and therefore its real frequency in our country is unknown.

REFERENCES

1. Rippon JW. Micología médica. 3ª edición. México: Interamericana-McGraw-Hill; 1988.

2. Velásquez R, Muñoz-Hernández B, Arenas R, Taylor ML, Hernández-Hernández F, Manjares ME, et al. An imported case of Blastomyces dermatitidis infection in Mexico. Mycopathologia 2003;156:263-267.

3. Tewari R, Wheat LJ, Ajello L. Agents of histoplasmosis. En: Ajello L, Hay R, editors. Microbiology and microbial infections. Vol. 4. London, UK: Arnold; 1998, pp. 373-393.

4. Pappagianis D. Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis. En: MaGinnis M, editor. Current topics in medical mycology. 2ª edición. New York, USA: Springer-Verlag; 1988. pp. 600-623.

5. Verduzco E, Portales A, Mojardín S, García SR Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la coccidioidomicosis en la Comarca Lagunera. Salud Publica Mex 1965;7:397-402.

6. Padua GA, Martínez-Ordaz VA, Velasco-Rodríguez VA, Lazo-Sáenz JG, Cicero R. Prevalence of skin reactivity to coccidioidin and associated risks in subjects living in a northern city of Mexico. Arch Med Res 1999;30:388-392.

7. Velasco-Rodríguez VM, Martínez-Ordaz VA, Padua y Gabriel A, Lazo-Sáenz JG, Cicero-Sabido R. Usefulness of the coccidioidin skin test in patients with type diabetes mellitus in an endemic zone. Rev Invest Clin 2001;53:223-227.

8. Mondragón-González R, Méndez-Tovar LJ, Bernal-Vázquez E, Hernández- Hernández F, López-Martínez R, Manzano-Gayosso P, et al. Detección de infección por Coccidioides immitis en zonas del estado de Coahuila, México. Rev Argent Microbiol 2005;37:135-138.

9. González-Benavides J. Panorama de la coccidioidomicosis en Nuevo León de 1978 a 1988. Gac Med Mex 1991;127:427-433.

10. Bialek R, González GM, Begerow D, Zelck UE. Coccidioidomicosis and blastomycosis: Advances in molecular diagnosis. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2005;45:355-360.

11. Newman SL, Bucher C, Rhodes J, Bullock WE. Phagocytosis of Histoplasma capsulatum yeasts and microconidia by human cultured macrophages and alveolar macrophages. Cellular cytoeskeleton requirement for attachment and ingestion. J Clin Invest 1990;85:223-228.

12. González-Ochoa A. Relaciones entre el hábitat del murciélago y el Histoplasma capsulatum. Rev Inst Salubr Enferm Trop 1963;23:81-86.

13. Taylor ML, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Reyes-Montes MR, Rodríguez-Arellanes G, Carreto-Binaghi LE, Duarte-Escalante E, et al. Identification of infectious source of an unusual outbreak of histoplasmosis, in a hotel in Acapulco, State of Guerrero, México. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2005;45:335-341.

14. Taylor ML, Pedroza-Serés M, Gámez-Aranda A, Toriello C. Retrospective serological study of histoplasmosis in México. Mycoses 1993;36:25-30.

15. Salzman SH, Smith RL, Aranda CP. Histoplasmosis in patients at risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a nonendemic setting. Chest 1988;93:916-921.

16. Orozco-Topete RL, Reyes E. Histoplasmosis cutánea en nueve pacientes con sida. Rev Invest Clin 1998;50:525-528.

17. Brummer E, Castaneda E, Restrepo A. Paracoccidioidomicosis: an update. Clin Microbiol Rev 1993;6:89-117.

18. Moraes-Silva MRB, Poncio-Mendes R, Lastória JC, Barraviera B, Márquez SA, Kamegasawa A. Paracoccidiodomycosis: study of six cases with ocular involvement. Mycopathologia 1988;102:87-96.

19. Carrada-Bravo T. La paracoccidioidomicosis en México. Rev Med IMSS 1984;22:363-365.