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1997, Number 3

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Vet Mex 1997; 28 (3)

Lamb immunization against pneumonic pasteurellosis using different antigens of Pasteurella haemolytica A1

Aguilar RF, Jaramillo ML, Morales AJF, Trigo TFJ, Suárez GF

Language: English/Spanish
References: 45
Page: 221-229
PDF size: 774.18 Kb.


ABSTRACT

An evaluation in two stages to measure the protection of pneumonic pasteurellosis provided by different immunogens of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 was conducted. It was first conducted under experimental conditions and afterwards on field trials. In the first stage, 42 lambs were randomly distributed in six groups. On day 0 of the experiment, Group A received subcutaneously, as an immunogen, a live culture in the logarithmic phase of P. haemolytica with a 1 x 109 CFU/ml; Group B was the control group; Group C received a commercial bacterin; Group D was treated with a leukotoxin culture supernatant; Group E was inoculated with a soluble capsule extract (SCE) with leukotoxin and Group F was treated with SCE with leukotoxin plus the adjuvant. All animals were exposed on day 35 to the Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3) intratracheally and intranasally and seven days later challenged with a field strain of P. haemolytica transthoracically. The surviving sheep were euthanized on day 49 of the experiment to assess pulmonary lesions and to perform the bacteriological study of some organs. Rectal temperature was measured daily, and serum samples were taken on days 0,7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 41 and 49 of the experiment to determine the anticapsule and antileukotoxin antibody levels using indirect haemmoagglutination and the simple visual assay. The field evaluation was carried out on 12 farms in Coajomulco, Morelos, Mexico, were 320 lambs were divided into 4 groups of 80 animals each. Using the same method as mentioned above the dosageand the administration techniques were as follows: Group 1 received leukotoxin; Group 2 was treated with a comercial bacterin; Group 3 was used as the control and group 4 received a live bacteria. In this phase the challenge was natural and anticapsule and antileukotoxin antibody titrers were evaluated, determining morbility and mortality too. In the experimental phase the measurements of the levels of the anticapsule- and antileukotoxin antibodies were statistically higher (P ‹ 0.05) in the groups treated with the live bacteria, leukotoxin and commercial bacterin as compared to the rest of the groups. Furthermore, lesions found were more severe in groups B, E and F. In the field trial, Group 1 presented 3 (3.75%) animals which developed clinical pneumonia, while Group 2 presented 5 (6.25%) and Group 4 presented 4 (5%) ones. Control Group 3 included 23 lambs (28.75%) with clinical pneumonia. Group 1 presented fewer deaths and higher anticapsule and antileukotoxin antibody titrers than control Group 3 (P ‹ 0.05). Results obtained in both phases suggest that the leukotoxin and the live bacteria are an important option in the prevention of pneumonia, and that research must continue regarding the different immunogens used, as well as searching for new options.


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