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2004, Number 1

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Bioquimia 2004; 29 (1)

Phagocytosis: mechanisms and consequences. Part two

Rojas-Espinosa O, Arce-Paredes P

Language: Spanish
References: 87
Page: 18-31
PDF size: 1385.62 Kb.


ABSTRACT

In 1880 Ellie Metchnikoff established the phagocytic cells’ function as an essential process for the survival of animal species. In the unicellular organisms, such as the protozoa, the phagocytic function is the only means through which these organisms acquire their next meal. The phagocytic function improves through evolution and remains so in the more evolved species, although here the primary function of phagocytes is no longer a nourishment-related activity but it turns into an efficient mechanism of protection against infectious agents and of elimination of senescent or abnormal cells. Every step of the phagocytic process (migration, adhesion, endocytosis and particle destruction) appears each time more complex, and new molecules and mechanisms are continuously discovered. Although the whole phagocytic process is not yet fully understood, now we have a better panorama on the way phagocytic cells recognize those particles that must be eliminated and the mechanisms following thereafter. In this article a concise review is made on the phagocytic process and its importance as a protection mechanism of vertebrates, pointing out those aspects receiving major attention at the present, including cell-structure, adhesion proteins, phagocytosis-endowed receptor molecules, signalling pathways and participant molecules, maturation of phagosomes, and the role of the nitrogen and oxygen-derived intermediaries as potent antimicrobial toxins.


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