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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2006, Number S1

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salud publica mex 2006; 48 (S1)

Tobacco and alcohol consumption amoung youth in marginalized urban zones in Mexico. Analysis of related decisions

Urquieta JE, Hernández-Avila M, Hernández B

Language: Spanish
References: 45
Page: 30-40
PDF size: 123.56 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to: identify the economic and sociodemographic factors that influence the decisions made by youth in poor urban areas in Mexico to consume tobacco and alcohol; test the hypothesis that both decisions are mutually related and; demonstrate the influence of social interactions within the household on the consumption of both substances. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study analyzed information from the Urban Household Evaluation Survey (Encelurb 2002, per its acronym in Spanish), which constitutes the baseline measurement for a follow-up survey to evaluate the impact of a social program in urban areas of Mexico. The Encelurb 2002 is a multi-issue survey that collected information from 17 207 households, including data on alcohol and tobacco consumption from 15 181 youth ranging in age from 12 to 21 years old. The estimation method used was a bivariate probit model. The entire sample was analyzed as well as the subsample of youth 12 to 15 years old. Results. The joint estimation of the two propensities for consumption confirmed that both decisions are closely related. The presence of older youth who smoked or consumed alcohol was positively and significantly associated with the probability of tobacco and alcohol use among youth 12 to 15 years old. The probability of consuming both addictive substances increased with age, principally among men. On the other hand, youth who lived with both parents had lower probabilities of tobacco and alcohol consumption than those living without any parent. Conclusions. The results indicate that alcohol and tobacco consumption decisions are mutually related, which allows for better identification of family and individual factors associated with the propensity by youth for smoking and consuming alcohol. These results contribute to the scarce amount of information in Mexico indicating the need to analyze the phenomena of addictions with regard to the consumption of various substances.


REFERENCES

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  2. Medina-Mora M et al. Alcoholismo y abuso de bebidas alcohólicas. En: Observatorio mexicano en tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas. México, DF: Secretaría de Salud, 2002.

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  20. Chaloupka F. Men, women, and addiction: the case of cigarette smoking. NBER 1990, Working Paper 3267.

  21. Fehr E, Zych P. Do addicts behave rationally? Scand J Econ 2000;100:643-662.

  22. Slovic P. What does it jeans to know a cumulative risk? Adolescents´s perceptions of short term and long term consequences of smoking. J Behav Dec Making 2000;13:259-266.

  23. Medina Mora M et al. Del tabaco al uso de otras drogas: ¿el uso temprano de tabaco aumenta la probabilidad de usar otras drogas?. Salud Publica Mex 2002;44 Supl 1:S109-S115.

  24. Secretaría de Salud. Programa de Acción: Adicciones Tabaquismo 2001. México, DF: SSA, 2001.

  25. Medina-Mora M et al. Alcoholismo y abuso de bebidas alcohólicas. En: Observatorio mexicano en tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas. México, DF: Secretaría de Salud, 2002.

  26. Research for International Tobacco Control 2003. At what cost?. The economic impact of tobacco use on national health systems societies and individuals: a summary of methods and findings. Monograph Series No. 1. Otawa, Canada: RITC, 2003.

  27. Gruber J. Risky behavior among youths: an economic analysis. NBER 2000, Working Paper 7781.

  28. Case A, Katz L. The company you keep: the effects of family and neighborhood on disadvantaged youths. NBER 1991, Working Paper 3705.

  29. Andrew C, Loheac Y. “It wasn´t me, it was them!” Social influence in risky behavior by adolescents. Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2003;1-21.

  30. Jeffrey HE, Gonzalez LB. Asymmetric social interaction in economics: Cigarette smoking among young people in the United States, 1992-1999. NBER 2004, Working Paper 10409.

  31. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Por una juventud sin tabaco. Adquisición de habilidades para una vida saludable. Publicación Científica y Técnica 2001; 579.

  32. Rajeev G, Mathew M. The interdependence of cigarette and liquor demand. South Econ J 1995;62:451-459.

  33. Decker S, Schwartz A. Cigarettes and alcohol: substitutes or complements? NBER 2000, Working Paper 7535.

  34. Jones A. A systems approach to the demand for alcohol and tobacco. Bull Econ Res 1989;41:85-105.

  35. Cameron L, Williams J. Cannabis, alcohol and cigarettes: substitutes or complements? Econ Rec 2001;77:19-34.

  36. Manrique J, Jensen H. Consumption of tobacco and alcoholic beverages among Spanish consumers. Southwest Econ Rev 2004;31: 41-56.

  37. Bien T et al. Smoking and drinking: a review of the literature. Int J Addic 1990;25:1429-1454.

  38. Maddala GS. Limited dependent and qualitative variables in Econometrics. Cambridge University Press: New York, 1983.

  39. Chaloupka F, Warner K. The economics of smoking. En: Culyer AJ & Newhouse JP, eds. The Handbook of Health Economics. vol. 1. Ch. 29, 2000.

  40. Secretaría de Salud. Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2002, Tabaco y alcohol y otras drogas. Resumen ejecutivo 2002. México, DF: SSA, 2002.

  41. Valdés-Salgado R et al. Encuesta sobre Tabaquismo en Jóvenes, México 2003. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2004.

  42. Chaloupka F. Men, women, and addiction: the case of cigarette smoking. NBER 1990, Working Paper 3267.

  43. Fehr E, Zych P. Do addicts behave rationally? Scand J Econ 2000;100:643-662.

  44. Slovic P. What does it jeans to know a cumulative risk? Adolescents´s perceptions of short term and long term consequences of smoking. J Behav Dec Making 2000;13:259-266.

  45. Medina Mora M et al. Del tabaco al uso de otras drogas: ¿el uso temprano de tabaco aumenta la probabilidad de usar otras drogas?. Salud Publica Mex 2002;44 Supl 1:S109-S115.




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