medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-3070 (Electronic)

2022, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cub Oftal 2022; 35 (2)

Perceived risk of COVID-19 infection in ophthalmic procedures

Proenza RE, Lorenzo GSC, Lastre VX, Bruzón AE, Rodríguez CY

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 1-12
PDF size: 500.41 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the perception of the level of risk of infection by COVID-19 in the performance of ophthalmologic procedures.
Methods: Seventy ophthalmology professionals from Holguin province, Cuba were surveyed. A questionnaire with Likert-type questions (scale 1 to 5) was applied to evaluate 26 ophthalmologic procedures.
Results: Respondents (average age 40.5 ± 2.6 years; average time in Ophthalmology 13.0 ± 2.6 years; female gender 75.7 %) included 45 specialists (64.3 %), 18 residents (25.7 %) and 7 optometrists (10.0 %). The average assessment of the risk of COVID-19 infection attributed to ophthalmologic procedures was 3.63 ± 0.14, significantly higher than the central value of the scale (p<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between the evaluation and the variables age (p=0.80), sex (p=0.24), time linked to Ophthalmology (p=0.98) and care category (p=0.08). The procedure considered to be of higher risk was direct ophthalmoscopy (p<0.001); and those of lower risk: Ishihara test, and visual field (octopus and tangent screen).
Conclusions: Ophthalmologic procedures are considered high risk for COVID-19 infection. Those that require greater proximity, contact with the ocular surface and tears were considered to be of higher risk, firstly direct ophthalmoscopy. There is no adequate perception of the risk involved in air tonometry. Those that avoid direct contact and maintain distance were considered less risky.


REFERENCES

  1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa20010171.

  2. Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5:536-44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z2.

  3. Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.1059243.

  4. Jamil S, Mark N, Graham C, S Dela Cruz C, Gross JE, Pasnick S. Diagnosis and Management of COVID-19 Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 [acceso: 05/04/2021];201(10):19-20 Disponible en: https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/rccm.2020C14.

  5. Borsetto B, Hopkins C, Philips V, Obholzer R, Tirelli G, Polesel J, et al. Self reported alteration of sense of smell or taste in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis on 3563 patients. Rhinology. 2020;58(5):430-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4193/Rhin20.1855.

  6. Guerra Almaguer M, Cárdenas Díaz T, Ramos López M, Pérez Suárez RG, Vigoa Aranguren L. Manifestaciones oftalmológicas de la COVID-19. Rev Cubana Oftamol. 2020 [acceso: 10/04/2021];33(2)e943. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-217620200002000126.

  7. Organización Mundial de la Salud. Manejo clínico de la COVID-19: Orientaciones provisionales, 27 de mayo de 2020. 2020 [acceso: 10/04/2021]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/3326387.

  8. Cirrincione L, Plescia F, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Martorana D, Moldovan RE, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevention and Protection Measures to Be Adopted at the Workplace. Sustainability. 2020;12(9):3603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su120936038.

  9. Oh J, Lee JK, Schwarz D, Ratcliffe HL, Markuns JF, Hirschhorn LR, et al. National Response to COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea and Lessons Learned for Other Countries. Health Systems & Reform. 2020;6(1):e1753464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2020.17534649.

  10. Mas Bermejo P, Sánchez Valdés L, Somarriba López L, Valdivia Onega NC, Vidal Ledo MJ, Alfonso Sánchez I, et al. Equidad y respuesta del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Cuba ante la COVID-19 [Equity and the Cuban National Health System's response to COVID-19 Equidade e resposta do Sistema Nacional de Saúde de Cuba à pandemia de COVID-19]. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2020;44:e138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2020.13810.

  11. Naveed Hasan, Scantling-Birch Y, Lee H, A. Nanavaty M. Controversies regarding mask usage in ophthalmic units in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eye. 2020;34:1172-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-020-0892-211.

  12. Khan MA, Sivalingam A, Haller JA. Perceptions of Occupational Risk and Changes in Clinical Practice of United States Vitreoretinal Surgery Fellows during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ophthalmol Retina. 2020;4(12):1181-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2020.05.01112.

  13. Lai THT, Tang EWH, Chau SKY, Fung KSC, Li KKW. Stepping up infection control measures in ophthalmology during the novel coronavirus outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol Ophthalmol. 2020;258:1049-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04641-813.

  14. Precautionary measures needed for ophthalmologists during pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [editorial]. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020;98:221-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.1443814.

  15. Romano MR, Montericcio A, Montalbano C, Raimondi R, Allegrini D, Ricciardelli G, et al. Facing COVID-19 in Ophthalmology Department. Current Eye Research. 2020;45(6):653-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2020.175273715.

  16. Chunchun L, Yuan T, Zhangyan C, Aisun W, Xiaoqiong H, Yanyan C, et al. Aerosol formation during non-contact "air-puff" tonometry and its significance for prevention of COVID-19.Chin J Exp Ophthalmol. 2020 [acceso: 01/05/2021];38(3):212-6. Disponible en: https://cjeo-journal.org/aerosol-formation-during-non-contact-air-puff-tonometry-and-its-significance-for-prevention-of-covid-19-2/16.

  17. Arora R, Goel R, Kumar S, Chhabra M, Saxena S, Manchanda V, et al. Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in Tears of Patients with Moderate to Severe COVID-19. Ophthalmology. 2020;128(4):494-503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.02917.

  18. Karimi S, Arabi A, Shahraki T, Safi S. Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 in the tears of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019. Eye. 2020;34:1220-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-020-0965-218.

  19. Lu CW, Liu XF, Jia ZF (2020) 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored. Lancet. 2020;395(10224):e39. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30313-519.

  20. Güemes Villahoz N, Burgos Blasco B, García Feijoó J, Sáenz Francés F, Arriola Villalobos P, Martínez de la Casa JM, et al. Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020 [acceso: 09/05/2021];258:2501-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04916-020.

  21. Jørstad ØK, Moe MC, Eriksen K, Petrovski G, Bragadóttir R. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak at the Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020 [acceso: 09/05/2021];98(3):e388-9. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3222766821. .

  22. Ekpenyong B, Obinwanne CJ, Ovenseri-Ogbomo G, Ahaiwe K, Lewis OO, Echendu DC, et al. Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria-A Survey-Based Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2020;17(14):5141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph1714514122.

  23. Jammal HM, Alqudah NM, Khader Y. Awareness, Perceptions, and Attitude Regarding Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Among Ophthalmologists in Jordan: Cross-Sectional Online Survey. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;2020(14):2195-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S26046023.

  24. Matas A. Diseño del formato de escalas tipo Likert: un estado de la cuestión. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa. 2018;20(1):38-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24320/redie.2018.20.1.134724.

  25. Safadi K, Kruger JM, Chowers I. Ophthalmology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Open Ophthalmology. 2020;5(1):e000487. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2020-00048725.

  26. Lim LW, Yip LW, Wen Tay H, Ling Ang X, Lee LK, Fang Chin C, et al. Sustainable practice of ophthalmology during COVID-19:challenges and solutions. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020;258:1427-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04682-z26.

  27. Sadhu S, Agrawal R, Pyare R, Pavesio C, Zierhut M, Khatri A, et al. Limiting the Risks for Eye Care Professionals, Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2020;28(5):714-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2020.175544227.

  28. Chan WM, Liu DTL, Chan PKS, Chong KKL, Yuen KSC, Chiu TYH, et al. Precautions in ophthalmic practice in a hospital with a major acute SARS outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong. Eye. 2006;20:283-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.670188528.

  29. Azzolini C, Donati S, Premi E, Baj A, Siracusa C, Genoni A. SARS-CoV-2 on Ocular Surfaces in a Cohort of Patients WithCOVID 19 From the Lombardy Region, Italy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021;139(9):956-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.546429.

  30. Hanege FM, Kocoglu E, Kalcioglu MT, Celik S, Cag Y, Esen F, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID-19 Patients. Laryngoscope. 2021;131(5):1677-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.2921830.

  31. Qing H, Yang Z, Shi M, Zhang Z. New evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through the ocular surface. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021;259:1661-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04726-431.

  32. Britt JM, Clifton BC, Barnebey HS, Mills RP. Microaerosol formation in noncontact "Air-Puff" tonometry. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109(2):225-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1991.0108002007104632.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com