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2024, Number 2

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Dermatología Cosmética, Médica y Quirúrgica 2024; 22 (2)

Cutaneous coccidioidomycosis. A review of reported cases in Mexico

Abac-Hernández EF, González-Martínez LY, Vázquez-Peña DY, Núñez-Jiménez LA, Cortés-López PN, Arenas R

Language: Spanish
References: 38
Page: 182-188
PDF size: 167.38 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: coccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Coccidioides species, a dimorphic fungus, with two recognized species as causal agents: C. immitis y C. posadasii. Primary cutaneous infections are uncommon and are acquired by direct inoculation of the fungus.
Objective: to analyze the cases or series of cases of primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis in Mexican patients, and provide demographic data, clinical information, diagnosis and treatment methods.
Methodology: four databases, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (scielo), Scopus and Google Scholar were searched for case reports, observational studies, and clinical trials from January 1993 to June 2022.
Results: of the 10 case report articles, 38 patients were considered who met the inclusion criteria, of which 73.68% were men and 26.32% women. The three states with the highest number of cases were Sinaloa (47.3%), Baja California (21%) and Nuevo León (15.7%). The predominant skin lesion was the ulceration in 39.47%, nodule in 28.95% and verrucous lesions in 28.95%; the most common topography was the lower extremities and head. The most frequently used diagnostic methods were culture 42.1% and direct examination 26.5%, which identified C. immitis and C. posadasii. Itraconazole was used in 89.47% of cases.
Conclusions: Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis was found mainly in the state of Sinaloa with ulcers, nodules and verrucous lesions in the lower limbs. The most used diagnostic method to identify mycosis was culture. The main treatment was itraconazole.


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