medigraphic.com
ISSN 1727-897X (Electronic)

2022, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Medisur 2022; 20 (2)

Clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cienfuegos, 2020-2021

Fonseca HM, Chávez ADM, Chávez PVI, Jova DJH, Jiménez STL, Machín CI

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 190-198
PDF size: 334.29 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: the significant increase in the numbers of COVID-19 patients in Cuba and the increasing incidence rate in the pediatric age represent an emerging health problem.
Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children confirmed with COVID-19 in Cienfuegos, during the first year of the pandemic.
Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, ambispective study. The study universe consisted of 104 pediatric patients diagnosed with the disease. The time horizon was from March 2020 to March 2021. The analyzed variables were: age, sex, origin, personal pathological history, initial symptoms, nutritional status, source of infection, laboratory results, persistence of positive RT-PCR, associated clinical manifestations to treatment and evolution. An individual medical history was taken during hospitalization.
Results: the most frequent age was adolescence, discrete male predominance. More than 50% of the cases were asymptomatic. The most frequent initial symptoms were fever and runny nose. The 94% of those confirmed were autochthonous. The complementary tests showed enzymatic alterations associated with the viral infection. The 100% of the children had a favorable evolution.
Conclusions: COVID-19 continues as a health problem worldwide. Children are a vulnerable group that needs continuous monitoring. The signs and symptoms can be similar to other viral respiratory infections, which require maintaining a high index of suspicion for COVID-19 in children.


REFERENCES

  1. Wu Y, Ho W, Huang Y, Jin DY, Li S, Liu SL, et al. SARS-CoV-2 is an appropriate name for the new coronavirus. Lancet. 2020;395(10228):949-50.

  2. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang C, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(4):420-2.

  3. Castagnoli R, Votto M, Licari A, Brambilla I, Bruno R, Perlini S, et al. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(9):882-9.

  4. Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, Qi X, Jian F, Jian K, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China. Pediatrics. 2020;145(6):e20200702.

  5. Riphagen S, Gomez X, González-Martinez C, Wilkinson N, Theocharis P. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020; 395:1607.

  6. Jones VG, Mills M, Suárez D, Hogan CA, Yeh D, Segal B,et al. COVID-19 and Kawasaki Disease: Novel virus and novel case. Hosp Pediatr. 2020;10(6):537-40.

  7. Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, Martelli L, Ruggeri M, Ciuffreda M, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395:1771.

  8. DeBiasi RL, Song X, Delaney M, Bell M, Smith K, Pershad J, et al. Severe COVID-19 in children and young adults in the Washington, D. C.: Metropolitan Region. J Pediatr. 2020;(20):30581-3.

  9. Wiersinga WJ, Rhodes A, Cheng AC, Peacock SJ, Prescott HC. Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). A Review. JAMA. 2020;324(8):782-93.

  10. Chen J. Pathogenicity and transmissibility of 2019-nCoV-A quick overview and comparison with other emerging viruses. Microbes Infect. 2020;22(2):69-71.

  11. Park M, Cook AR, Lim JT, Sun Y, Dickens BL. A systematic review of COVID-19 epidemiology based on current evidence. J Clin Med. 2020;9(4):967.

  12. Swann OV, Holden KA, Turtle L, Pollock L, Drake T, Egan C, et al. Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study. BMJ 2020;370:m3249.

  13. Bailey LC, Razzaghi H, Burrows EK, Bunell T, Camacho P, Christaki D, et al. Assessment of 135,794 pediatric patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 across the United States. JAMA Pediatr. 2021;175(2):176-84.

  14. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Nota informativa sobre COVID-19 en Cuba. La Habana: Minsap; 2020[citado 29/06/2020]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/2020/06/30/nota-informativa-sobre-la-COVID-19-encuba-29-de-junio/ 14.

  15. Vandenbroucke J, Von Elm E, Altman D, Gotzsche P, Mulrow C. Mejorar la comunicación de estudios observacionales en epidemiología (STROBE): explicación y elaboración. Gac Sanit. 2009;23(2):158e1-158e28.

  16. Chih ChL, Tzu PSh, Wen ChK, Hung JT, Po H. Severe acute respiratory síndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):1-9.

  17. Liu W. Detection of COVID-19 in children in early January 2020 in Wuhan, China. NEJM. 2020;382:14.

  18. Almaguer Mederos LE, Cuello Almarales D, Almaguer Gotay D. Rol de los genes ACE2 y TMPRSS2 en la susceptibilidad o gravedad de la COVID-19. Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba. 2020[citado 25/05/2020];10(2):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.revistaccuba.cu/index.php/revacc/article/view/79918.

  19. Palacios Cruz M, Santos E, Velázquez Cervantes MA, León Juárez M. COVID-19, una emergencia de salud pública mundial. Rev Clínica Española. 2020;221(1):55-61.

  20. Guzmán Del Giudice OE, Lucchesi Vásquez EP, Trelles De Belaúnde M, Pinedo Gonzales RH, Camere Torrealva MA, Daly A, et al. Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de 25 casos de COVID-19 atendidos en la Clínica Delgado de Lima. Rev Soc Peru Med Interna. 2020[citado 29/04/2020];33(1):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: http://revistamedicinainterna.net/index.php/spmi/article/view/50620.

  21. Henry BM, Benoit SW, Santos de Oliveira MH, Chin Hsieh W, Benoit J, et al. Laboratory abnormalities in children with mild and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis and review. Clin Biochem. 2020;81:1-8.

  22. Danwang C, Endomba FT, Nkeck JR, Angong D, Robert A, Noubiap J, et al. A meta-analysis of potential biomarkers associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Biomark Res. 2020;8:37.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com