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ISSN 2683-1678 (Print)
Órgano Oficial de la Sociedad
Latinoamericana de lnfectología Pediátrica.
Órgano de la Asociación Mexicana de
Infectología Pediátrica, A.C.
Órgano difusor de la Sociedad Española
de lnfectología

2024, Number 1

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Rev Latin Infect Pediatr 2024; 37 (1)

Pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19: experience of a referral hospital

Martínez-González JD, Monroy-Colín VA, Delgadillo-Castañeda R

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 26-33
PDF size: 262.61 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: severe COVID-19 is rare in children; however, it can trigger multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) as a post-infectious consequence. Increased knowledge about risk factors for MIS-C could improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of the condition and better guide targeted public health interventions. Objectives: to describe the characteristics of patients with MIS-C and assess risk factors with the aim of identifying vulnerable patients and risk factors for admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Material and methods: this study is a cross-sectional case series study designed for patients aged one month to 18 years at Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, Mexico; from March 2020 to February 2022. Patient demographics, symptoms, laboratory results, echocardiographic findings, treatment and final outcome were recorded. Results: information was collected from 32 patients; the median age was six years (interquartile range [IQR] 1-11.5 years), 17 (53.1%) of whom were female. Eighteen (56.3%) children were identified as previously healthy. All patients had a positive RT-PCR test, serologic test or exposure to COVID-19. All patients had at least one elevated inflammatory marker value (CRP, procalcitonin, ferritin) and the most significant laboratory values were elevated D-dimer 5,283 (1,197-7,084), hypoalbuminemia 3 (3.05-4), elevated creatinine 1 (0.23-1.8) in patients admitted to the UTIP. Median serum procalcitonin levels were higher in patients admitted to the UTIP (65 vs 31). Echocardiogram alterations were found in a total of 3 (9.4%) patients. PICU admission was reported in 15 (46.9%) children. Three (9.4%) deaths were reported. Patients received as treatment only corticosteroids in 43.7% of cases and only intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in 56.3%. Conclusion: we found a high proportion of previously healthy children in MIS-C patients. Almost half of the children received intensive care. The main treatment used was IVIG. Median age was higher in patients with admission to the PICU.


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