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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2024, Number 1

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salud publica mex 2024; 66 (1)

The Omicron wave in Mexico: vaccine protection against progression to severe Covid-19 in SARS-CoV-2-infected workers

Hernández-Ávila M, Vieyra-Romero WI, Gutiérrez-Díaz H, Zepeda-Tello R, Alpuche-Aranda C, Hernández-Ávila JE, Barros-Sierra D, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Duque-Molina C, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Carnalla-Cortés M, Dyer-Leal D, López-Ridaura R, López Gatell-Ramírez H

Language: English
References: 38
Page: 85-94
PDF size: 403.53 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of seven Covid-19 vaccines in preventing disease progression (DP) using data from national private sector workers during the Omicron wave in Mexico from January 2 to March 5, 2022. Materials and methods. This study employed an administrative retrospective cohort design, analyzing DP (hospitalization or death due to respiratory disease) among workers who filed a respiratory short-term disability claim and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Risk ratios (RRadj) were estimated using Poisson regression models adjusted for various factors. Results. Vaccinated individuals had a lower risk of hospitalization and death compared with unvaccinated individuals. The overall RRadj for hospitalization and death were 0.36 (95%CI 0.32, 0.41) and 0.24 (0.17, 0.33), respectively. When evaluating workvaccines individually, the RRadj for hospitalization were as follows Pfizer BioNTech 0.27 (95%CI 0.22, 0.33), Moderna 0.29 (95%CI 0.15, 0.57), Sinovac 0.32 (95%CI 0.25, 0.41), AstraZeneca 0.39 (95%CI 0.34, 0.46), Sputnik 0.39 (95%CI 0.28, 0.53), CanSino 0.41 (95%CI 0.24, 0.7), and Janssen 0.53 (95%CI 0.39, 0.72). The RRadj for death were as follows: Pfizer BioNTech 0.12 (95%CI 0.07, 0.19), Sputnik 0.15 (95%CI 0.06, 0.38), Sinovac 0.29 (95%CI 0.16, 0.53), AstraZeneca 0.30 (95%CI 0.20, 0.44), CanSino 0.38 (95%CI 0.1, 1.4), and Janssen 0.50 (95%CI 0.26, 0.97). Conclusion. Covid-19 vaccines significantly reduced the risk of severe disease during the Omicron wave in Mexico.


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