Farias BAL, Santos BM, Rodrigues BTP

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page:
PDF size: 372.33 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute and inflammatory neuropathic disease that causes demyelination, predominantly affecting the white matter. Clinical manifestations of ADEM may be associated with the arboviruses zika fever, dengue fever, and chikungunya.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to carry out a bibliographical survey about the clinical manifestations and radiological findings of ADEM after infection with dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses, as well as their correlation.
Methods: MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published between 2010 and 2020, written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, about the occurrence of ADEM in patients affected by zika fever, dengue fever, or chikungunya. The search yielded articles that demonstrated the occurrence of five cases of ADEM associated with zika fever, ten cases post-infection with the dengue virus cases, and two cases related to chikungunya.
Conclusions: The most common initial clinical presentations of ADEM were fever, nausea and/or vomiting, myalgia, headache, skin rashes, and arthralgia. The main neurological symptoms reported were changes in the level of consciousness, pyramidal signs, tonic-clonic seizures, visual changes, and urinary disorders. The most common radiological findings were T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), affecting mainly the subcortical and central white matter. It is highlighted the importance of monitoring patients with dengue fever, zika fever, or chikungunya to identify clinical manifestations of ADEM that may contribute to an early and correct diagnosis of this encephalomyelitis, and, consequently, to intervene and obtain better patient prognosis.

REFERENCES

1. Alves-Leon SV, Lima MDR, Nunes PCG, Chimelli LMC, Rabelo K, Nogueira RMR, et al. Zika virus found in brain tissue of a multiple sclerosis patient undergoing an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like episode. Mult Scler. 2019;25(3):427-30.

2. Lassman, H. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010;133(2):317-9.

3. 3 Andrade de Carvalho K, Biancardi AL, Provenzano G, Moraes H.Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) associated with mosquito-borne diseases Chikungunya virus x yellow fever immunizationRev Soc Bras Med Trop2020275310-3

4. Karoli R, Siddiqi Z, Fatima J, Maini S. Was it a case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis? A rare association following dengue fever. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2013;4(3):318-21.

5. Santos Martinez ÁM, Guevara Eng Y, Calás Hechavarría V, Navarrete Baldassarri IZ. Encefalomielitis diseminada aguda posinfecciosa en un paciente con sospecha de infección por virus dengue. Rev Cubana Med Trop. 2019;71(1):e-281.

6. Mancera-Páez O, Román GC, Pardo-Turriago R, Rodríguez Y, Anaya JM. Concurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis and encephalitis post-Zika: A case report and review of the pathogenic role of multiple arboviral immunity. J Neurol Sci. 2018;26(395):47-53.

7. Bhoi SK, Naik S, Kalital J, Misral UK. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following dengue virus infection. J Neuroinfect Dis. 2014;5(1):139.

8. Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, Shield L, Harvey AS, Kean MJ. Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Neurology. 2001;56(10):1308-12.

9. Minayo MCS. O desafio do conhecimento. Pesquisa qualitativa em saúde. 9th ed. São Paulo: HUCITEC; 2006.

10. 10 . Brito Ferreira ML, Antunes de Brito CA, Moreira ÁJP, de Morais Machado MÍ, Henriques-Souza A, Cordeiro MT, et al. Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and Encephalitis associated with zika virus infection in Brazil: detection of viral RNA and isolation of virus during late infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;08(97):1405-9.

11. Paolilo RB, Deiva K, Neuteboom R, Rostásy K, Lim M. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Current Perspectives. Children (Basel). 2020;03(7):210.

12. Valdez JM. Enfermedades desmielinizantes en niños. Encefalomielitis diseminada aguda y esclerosis múltiple. Medicina (Buenos Aires). 2019;79:66-70.

13. Galliez RM, Spitz M, Rafful PP, Cagy M, Escosteguy C, Germano CS, et al. Zika virus causing encephalomyelitis associated with immunoactivation. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016;3(4):ofw203.

14. Roth W, Tyshkov C, Thakur K, Vargas W. Encephalomyelitis following definitive Zika virus infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017;4(4):e349.

15. Guzman MG, Harris E. Dengue. Lancet. 2015;385(9966):453-65.

16. Gupta M, Nayak R, Khwaja GA, Chowdhury D. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with dengue infection: a case report with literature review. J Neurol Sci. 2013;335(1-2):216-8.

17. Bhat D. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a rare central nervous system manifestation of dengue hemorrhagic fever. J Pediatr Infect Dis. 2010;5(4):415-7.

18. Gera C, George U. Acute disseminating encephalomyelitis with hemorrhage following dengue. Neurol India. 2010;58(4):595-6.

19. Sundaram C, Uppi SG, Dakshinamurthy KV, Borgahain R. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following dengue hemorrhagic fever. Neurol India. 2010;58(4):599-601.

20. Chowdhury RN, Siddiqui MR, Mahbub MS, Hasan OSI, Talukder A, Nabi S, et al. Dengue fever as a cause of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). J Med. 2011;12(2):185-7.

21. Gala HC, Avasthi BS, Lokeshwar MR. Dengue shock syndrome with two atypical complications. Indian J Pediatr. 2012;79(3):386-8.

22. Viswanathan S, Botross N, Rusli BN, Riad A. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis complicating dengue infection with neuroimaging mimicking multiple sclerosis: a report of two cases. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2016;10:112-5.

23. Teixeira AAR, Ferreira LF, Pires Neto RJ. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis after chikungunya infection. JAMA Neurol. 2019;76(5):619.

24. Gray MP, Gorelick MH. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2016;32(6):395-400.

25. Koelman DLH, Chahin S, Mar SS, Venkatesan A, Hoganson GM, Yeshokumar AK, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in 228 patients: a retrospective, multicenter US study. Neurology. 2016;86(22):2085-93.

26. Pohl D, Alper G, Haren KV, Kornberg AJ, Lucchinetti CF, Tenembaum S, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: updates on an inflammatory CNS syndrome. Neurology. 2016;87(9):38-45.

27. Alper G. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. Journal of Child Neurology. 2012;27(11):1408-25.

28. Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. Neurology. 2002;59(8):1224-31.