medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-2988 (Print)

2022, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cubana Farm 2022; 55 (1)

Characteristics and factors associated with self-medication due to COVID-19 in students of a Peruvian University

Rojas-Miliano C, Galarza-Caceres DN, Zárate-Vargas AM, Araujo-Ramos G, Rosales-Guerra J, Quiñones-Laveriano DMNick; Zárate-Vargas, Angie Mireille; Araujo-Ramos, Giselle; Rosales-Guerra, Julio; Quiñones-Laveriano, Dante Manuel

Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 1-25
PDF size: 967.91 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The university population may be vulnerable to self-medication due to COVID-19 due to their greater exposure to social networks and their tendency to imitate self-medication practices of their social environment.
Objective: Assess the characteristics and factors associated with self-medication due to COVID-19 in undergraduate university students of a Peruvian university.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study (October 1st to November 14, 2020) in which 166 surveys were analyzed among students of the National University of Central Peru selected through a probabilistic sampling stratified by faculties. The factors associated with self-medication were evaluated by Poisson regression of robust variances, in this way the prevalence ratios and corresponding confidence intervals were obtained.
Results: 14.5% of the students self-medicated due to COVID-19 and the main reasons were sore throat (45.8%), fever (37.5%) and disease prevention (29.2%). The most commonly used drugs were paracetamol (70.8%), aspirin (62.5%) and influenza drugs (62.5%). Some participants (20.8%) reported experiencing side effects after taking medications such as aspirin, ivermectin, dexamethasone, and chlorine dioxide. The perception that self-medication is harmful to health (PR: 0.41; CI: 0.20-0.84) and having doctors as a source of drug information (PR: 0.46; CI: 0.21-0.99) were associated with self-medication due to COVID-19. Approximately 15 out of every 100 students in the studied population selfmedicated due to COVID-19. Likewise, those who perceived self-medication as harmful to health and who had doctors as a source of drug information selfmedicated less.
Conclusions: The results allow us to characterize the problem of self-medication due to COVID-19 in university students, while offering information for the approach of strategies that reduce its negative impact.


REFERENCES

  1. Montastruc JL, Bondon-Guitton E, Abadie D, Lacroix I, Berreni A, Pugnet G, etal. Pharmacovigilance, risks and adverse effects of self-medication. Therapie. 2016;71(2):257-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2016.02.012

  2. Bennadi D. Self-medication: A current challenge. J Basic Clin Pharm.2013;5(1):19-23. DOI: 10.4103/0976-0105.128253

  3. Romano S, Galante H, Figueira D, Mendes Z, Rodrigues AT. Time-trendanalysis of medicine sales and shortages during COVID-19 outbreak: Data fromcommunity pharmacies. Res Soc Adm Pharm RSAP. 2021;17(1):1876-81. DOI:10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.024

  4. Gras M, Gras-Champel V, Moragny J, Delaunay P, Laugier D, Masmoudi K, etal. Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the reporting of adverse drug reactionsassociated with self-medication. Ann Pharm Fr. 2021;79(5):522-9. DOI:10.1016/j.pharma.2021.02.003

  5. Makowska M, Boguszewki R, Nowakowski M, Podkowińska M. Self-Medication-Related Behaviors and Poland's COVID-19 Lockdown. Int J Environ Res PublicHealth. 2020;17(22). DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228344

  6. Dare SS, Eze ED, Echoru I, Usman IM, Ssempijja F, Bukenya EE, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic and Behavioural Response To Self-Medication Practice In WesternUganda. MedRxiv. Preprint. 2021.01.02.20248576 DOI:10.1101/2021.01.02.20248576

  7. Subashini N, Udayanga L. Demographic, socio-economic and other associatedrisk factors for self-medication behaviour among university students of Sri Lanka:a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):613. DOI:10.1186/s12889-020-08622-8

  8. Miñan-Tapia A, Conde-Escobar A, Calderon-Arce D, Cáceres-Olazo D, Peña-Rios AJ, Donoso-Romero RC. Factores asociados a la automedicación confármacos relacionados a COVID-19 en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de unaciudad peruana. Preprint. 2020 [acceso 25/07/2021]. Disponible en:https://preprints.scielo.org/index.php/scielo/preprint/view/1225

  9. Quispe-Cañari JF, Fidel-Rosales E, Manrique D, Mascaró-Zan J, Huamán-Castillón KM, Chamorro–Espinoza SE, et al. Self-medication practices during theCOVID-19 pandemic among the adult population in Peru: A cross-sectionalsurvey. Saudi Pharm J. 2021;29(1):1-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.12.001

  10. Onchonga D, Omwoyo J, Nyamamba D. Assessing the prevalence of selfmedicationamong healthcare workers before and during the 2019 SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) pandemic in Kenya. Saudi Pharm J. 2020;28(10):1149-54. DOI:10.1016/j.jsps.2020.08.003

  11. Sadio AJ, Gbeasor-Komlanvi FA, Konu RY, Bakoubayi AW, Tchankoni MK,Bitty-Anderson AM, et al. Assessment of self-medication practices in the contextof the COVID-19 outbreak in Togo. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1-9. DOI:10.1186/s12889-020-10145-1

  12. Wegbom AI, Edet CK, Raimi O, Fagbamigbe AF, Kiri VA. Self-MedicationPractices and Associated Factors in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19 Virus: A Population-Based Survey in Nigeria. Front Public Health.2021;9:606801. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.606801

  13. Afolabi SA, Folorunso SO, Bunyula ZS, Banjo OO, Matshika SS, Warrie WU, etal. Social Listening: A Thematic Analysis of COVID-19 Discussion on Social Media.MedRxiv Preprint. 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.25.20162040

  14. Shehnaz SI, Agarwal AK, Khan N. A systematic review of self-medicationpractices among adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2014;55(4):467-83. DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.07.001

  15. Lazcano L, Parra E, Umeres L, Valverde A. Causas que inducen laautomedicación en estudiantes de primer y quinto curso de la Facultad deMedicina de la USFX. En: Ramos M, Solís M, Enríquez L Participación ciudadana ydesarrollo local. España: ECORFAN; 2014 [acceso 25/07/2021]. p. 53-62.Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4775745

  16. Vera-Romero OE, Vera-Romero FM. Diseño y validación de un cuestionariopara medir automedicación (CAuM-ovr) en estudiantes universitarios. Rev CuerpoMed HNAAA. 2013 [acceso 25/07/2021];6(1):19-24. Disponible en:https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4262695

  17. Altamirano Orellana V, Hauyón González K, Mansilla Cerda E, MatamalaMuñoz F, Morales Ojeda I, Maury-Sintjago E, et al. Automedicación enestudiantes de una residencia universitaria en Chillán, Chile. Rev Cub Sal Públ.2019 [acceso 25/07/2021];45(1). Disponible en:http://www.revsaludpublica.sld.cu/index.php/spu/article/view/1189

  18. González-Muñoz F, Jiménez-Reina L, Cantarero-Carmona I. Automedicaciónen estudiantes de último curso de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Medicina de laUniversidad de Córdoba. Educación Médica. 2021;22(3):124-9. DOI:10.1016/j.edumed.2020.01.005

  19. Vera-Romero OE, Vera-Romero FM. Evaluación del nivel socioeconómico:presentación de una escala adaptada en una población de Lambayeque. RevCuerpo Med HNAAA. 2013 [acceso 25/07/2021];6(1):41-5. Disponible en:https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4262712

  20. Mejia C, Ticona D, Rodriguez-Alarcon J, Campos-Urbina A, Catay-Medina J,Porta-Quinto T, et al. The Media and their Informative Role in the Face of theCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Validation of Fear Perception and Magnitude of the Issue (MED-COVID-19). Electron J Gen Med. 2020;17(6):em239.DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/7946

  21. Rojas-Miliano C, Galarza-Caceres DN, Zárate-Vargas AM, Araujo-Ramos G,Rosales-Guerra J, Quiñones-Laveriano DM. Asociación entre la percepción de losmedios comunicativos frente a la pandemia de covid-19 y la automedicación enestudiantes universitarios. Lima: Instituto Nacional de Salud; 2020 [acceso30/01/2022]. Disponible en: https://n9.cl/m3ud4

  22. Gautret P, Million M, Jarrot PA, Camoin-Jau L, Colson P, Fenollar F, et al.Natural history of COVID-19 and therapeutic options. Expert Rev Clin Immunol.2020;16(12):1159-84. DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1847640

  23. Zhang A, Hobman EV, De Barro P, Young A, Carter DJ, Byrne M. Selfmedicationwith antibiotics for protection against COVID-19: the role ofpsychological distress, knowledge of, and experiences with antibiotics.Antibiotics. 2021;10(3):232. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030232

  24. Llover MN, Jiménez MC. Estado actual de los tratamientos para la COVID-19.FMC. 2021;28(1):40-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.fmc.2020.10.005

  25. Ministerio de Salud. Documento Técnico Prevención, diagnóstico ytratamiento de personas afectadas por COVID-19 en el Perú. Lima: MINSA; 2020[acceso 25/07/2021]. Disponible en:https://www.gob.pe/institucion/minsa/informes-publicaciones/473587-prevencion-diagnostico-y-tratamiento-de-personas-afectadas-por-covid-19-en-elperu

  26. Mostajo-Radji MA. Pseudoscience in the times of crisis: how and why chlorinedioxide consumption became popular in Latin America during the COVID-19pandemic. Front Polit Sci. 2021;3. DOI: 10.3389/fpos.2021.621370

  27. Tello-Ceron G, Flores Pimentel M, Gómez Galarza V. Uso de las plantasmedicinales del distrito de Quero, Jauja, Región Junín, Perú. Ecología aplicada.2019;18(1):11-20. DOI: 10.21704/rea.v18i1.1301

  28. Malik M, Tahir MJ, Jabbar R, Ahmed A, Hussain R. Self-medication duringCovid-19 pandemic: challenges and opportunities. Drugs Ther Perspect.2020;3:1-3. DOI: 10.1007/s40267-020-00785-z

  29. Topf JM, Williams PN. COVID-19, Social Media, and the Role of the PublicPhysician. Blood Purif. 2021;50(4-5):595-601. DOI: 10.1159/000512707

  30. Nagata JM. Supporting Young Adults to Rise to the Challenge of COVID-19. JAdolesc Health. 2020;67(2):297-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.04.020

  31. Rampersad G, Althiyabi T. Fake news: Acceptance by demographics andculture on social media. J Inf Technol Polit. 2020;17(1):1-11. DOI:10.1080/19331681.2019.1686676




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com