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2022, Number 1

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Arch Inv Mat Inf 2022; 13 (1)

Historical account of the treatment of severe hypernatremic dehydration in term newborns at the IMIEM Children´s Hospital

Caballero HN, Vega JGJ, Plaza BL

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 13-23
PDF size: 228.73 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: dehydration is one of the leading causes of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. One way to classify dehydration is through serum osmolarity and it is classified into: hypernatremic, normonatremic and hyponatremic and these in turn into mild, moderate and severe. Hypernatremia is considered one of the most frequent electrolyte abnormalities of neonatal dehydration. The most frequent cause of dehydration is insufficient fluid intake. Objective: to investigate the response to treatment of term newborn patients with severe hypernatremic dehydration (serum sodium ≥ 170 mEq/L) through the rate of decline of serum sodium. Material and methods: this is a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, retrospective, case series study. A review of records of newborn patients with hypernatremic dehydration in the Hospital for the Child, IMIEM during the period 01 January 2012 to 31 December 2019. Results: 161 patients who met the inclusion criteria were found, of which 75 presented severe hypernatremic dehydration with serum sodium equal to or greater than 170 mEq/L, of these, 24 patients were selected and treated with the "concentration method", finding a rate of serum sodium decrease of 0.435 mEq/L/h and a mortality of 0%. Conclusions: the rate of serum sodium decrease is 0.435 mEq/L/h in the group of patients treated with the concentration correction method, the mortality in our hospital unit is lower than that reported in the literature.


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