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Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios

2023, Number 2

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Revista Mexicana de Trastornos Alimentarios 2023; 13 (2)

The hypotalamic disturbances during obesity: neuroinflammation and metabolic dysfunction

Torres GH, Ramírez CRJ, Rodríguez CYM, Chavarría A

Language: Spanish
References: 89
Page: 170-186
PDF size: 340.36 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Nowadays, obesity is considered a worldwide rising health problem and is characterized by adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperplasia due to hypercaloric intake and lack of physical activity, promoting the development of metabolic dysfunction, low-grade systemic chronic inflammation, and gradually hypothalamic neuroinflammation. Adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ secreting adipokines and cytokines around peripheral organs, functioning as a master metabolism regulator. However, high levels of adipocyte-derived free fatty acids and inflammatory molecules promote impairments in systemic immune response, generate chronic inflammation, disrupt the blood-brain barrier, and stimulate glia, specifically in some hypothalamic regions, the master regulators of energetic homeostasis. Hypothalamic glial cells are essential in diet-related inflammatory signals transmission and can modulate neuronal activity, also respond to peripheral inflammatory signals and begin local inflammatory response and gliosis. This review aims to analyze obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and how it participates in the hypothalamic regulation impairments due to neuroinflammation and impairment in food intake behavior.


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