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Órgano Oficial de la Sociedad
Latinoamericana de lnfectología Pediátrica.
Órgano de la Asociación Mexicana de
Infectología Pediátrica, A.C.
Órgano difusor de la Sociedad Española
de lnfectología

2023, Number 2

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Rev Latin Infect Pediatr 2023; 36 (2)

Hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to rickettsiosis. Experience in a Pediatric Hospital in Sinaloa, Mexico

Carreón GJM, Arce CD, Macías RSA, Sánchez MN, Reyes GU, Quero HA, Reyes HKL, Vargas MME, Mercado DCU, González OAM

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 87-93
PDF size: 230.82 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Rickettsia are intracellular bacteria, transmitted mainly by hematophagous arthropods and man is an accidental host. The one with the highest morbidity and mortality, which ranges from 35 to 85%, is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. On the other hand, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis or hemophagocytic syndrome is characterized at the pathophysiological level by hyperinflammation that occurs due to the uncontrolled activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, macrophages that affect multiple organ systems. The objective of this report is to describe a series of cases treated at a pediatric hospital in Sinaloa, Mexico, who were diagnosed with Rocky Mountain spotted fever by Rickettsia rickettsii, who later developed secondary hemophagocytic syndrome, were treated with doxycycline, etoposide, and dexamethasone. with favorable evolution. Conclusion: Rickettsiosis is a febrile, acute disease transmitted by hematophagous arthropods. If the evolution manifests hepatosplenic infiltration, peripheral cytopenia, consumptive coagulopathy and/or profound hemodynamic changes, it could be an expression of hypercytokinemia and cytotoxic activity, it should be considered a syndrome. Hemophagocytic syndrome should be considered as a serious complication secondary to Rickettsia infection that can be even fatal. With the cases described, we contribute to improving the quality and timeliness of medical care.


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